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F 199 




THE 



JERSEY HERD 



World's Columbian Exposition 

CHICAGO, 1893. 



REPORT OF ,\ 

VALANCKY E/" KULLER. 



Superintendent of the Herd. 










»«TERED 

New York: 
ISHED BV THE CLTJB. 

1894. 



\ 



T.TBK^RY 



OF THE 



U. S. Department of Agriculture 




^^" 









The Jersey Herd at the World's Columbian Exposition. 



REPORT OF VALANCEY E. FULLER, 

SUPERINTENDENT OF THE HERD. 



To the Members of the World's Columbian Exposition Committee, the President, Directors and Members of 
the American fersey Cattle Club: 

Gentlemen : I beg to state that since my previous report of April 29, 1893, I have remained contin- 
uously at work at the World's Fair dairy barns, under direction of your committee. 

In the report before referred to I stated that 56 cows and one bull had been brought to the barns. 
After that time the herd was added to by cows to the number of nine, also eight heifers and two bulls, 
making a total of 76 head. 

Herewith are the names of the cows, heifers and bulls so kindly contributed by the Jersey breeders 
for the World's Fair dairy tests : 

COWS. 
Sheba Rex 47429, Theodore A. Havemeyer, Mahwah, N. J. 
Natasqua 65598, Theodore A. Havemeyer, Mahwah, N. J. 
Gem of Mountain Side 36577, Theodore A. Havemeyer, Mahwah, N. J. 
Exile's Lulu 49984, Mr. C. I. Hudson, Alexandria Bay, N. Y. 
Albert's Gem 34006, Mr. F. A. Schermerhorn, Lenox, Mass. 
Tristeka 28332, Mr. C. S. Taylor, Burlington, N. J. 
Little Goldie 38671, Mr. C. \. Hood, Lowell, Mass. 
Alteration 56436, Mr. W. E. Matthews, Huntsville, Ala. 
Justa Pogis 64863, Ky. Agric. Experimeat Station, Lexington, Ky. 
Gay Orphan 25985, Ky. Agric. Experiment Station, Lexington, Ky. 
Sayda 3d 17317, Mr. Edgar Brewer, Hockanum, Conn. 
Pearl of Riverside 55659, Mr. H. A. Huntington, Higganum, Conn. 
Lorita 33750, Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa. 
' Alexa 64924, Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa. 
Flora Temple 3d 40086, Mr. Frederic Bronson, Southport, Conn. 
Hilda A. 3d 16636, Mr. Frederic Bronson, Southport, Conn. 
Brown Bessie 74997, Mr. Homer C. Taylor, Orfordville, Wis. 
Lily Martin 49954, Mr. M. C. Campbell, Spring Hill, Tenn. 
Idarella 41433. Mr. M. C. Campbell, Spring Hill, Tenn. 
Annice Magnet 60256, Mr. John Boyd, Elmhurst, 111. 
Alice C. Magnet 31567, Mr. John Boyd, Elmhurst, 111. 
Hugo's Countess 68394. Mr. D. L. Heinsheimer, Glenwood, Iowa. 
Ida Marigold 32615, Mr. C. A. Sweet, Buffalo, N. Y. 
f'\ Sayda M. 46195, Mr. C. A. Sweet, Buffalo, N. Y. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

Daisy Hinman 61537, Messrs. Ayer & McKinney, Meredith, N. Y. 

Lady Matilda Pogis 36270, Messrs. Ayer & McKinney, Meredith, N. Y. 

Merry Maiden 64949, Messrs. O. & C. T. Graves, Maitland, Mo. 

Pretty Marchioness 62569, Mr. Walter W. Law, Whitson, N. Y. 

Signal Queen 30869, Mr. Frank Eno, Pine Plains, N. Y. 

Grace Pansy 2d 18764, Mr. Geo. V. Green, Hopkinsville. Ky. 

Princess Honoria 62548, Frederick Billings' Estate, Woodstock, Vt. 

Garella 62541, Frederick Billings' Estate, Woodstock, Vt. 

Stoke Pogis' Regina 4S309, Frederick Billings' Estate, Woodstock, Vt. 

Baroness Argyle 4049S, Mr. E. Stevens Henry, Rockville, Conn. 

Hanover's Beauty 43577, Mr. A. B. Darling, Ramsey's, N. J. 

Priscilla of Riverside 21826, Mr. H. A. Flint, Detroit, Mich. 

Exile's Bessie 49985, Mr. P. J. Cogswell, Rochester, N. Y. 

Mocha's Pet 12985, Mr. P. J. Cogswell, Rochester, N. Y. 

Daltrina 33881, Mr. Townsend Sharpless, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Jessaline 3d 42254, Mr. Webb C. Garth, Trenton, Ky. 

Dear Keepsake 27192, Mrs. M. L. Merrell, Portage, Wis. 

Lette Signal 26823, Mr, J. A. Middelton, Shelbyville, Ky. 

Lady O. 83782, Mr. A. G. Herr, Lyndon, Ky. 

Chelten Queen 49410, Mr. J. W. Lippincott, Jenkintown, Pa. 

Lady Longfield 23524, Major Campbell Brown, Spring Hill, Tenn. 

Rita of Andalusia 29414, Mr. Geo. Fox, Torresdale, Pa. 

Pridalia 17249, Mr. Columbus Dixon, Gillespieville, Ohio. 

Fringe 16875, imp., Mr. N. Frazier, Clark's Station, Ky. 

Comanca 19389, Mr. John L. Mitchell, Milwaukee, Wis. 

Romp's Princess 51 185, Mr. W. Gettj's, Athens, Tenn. 

Islip Lenox 31703, Mr. A. P. Foster, Plainview, Minn. 

Cupid's Jersey Maid 35040, Mr. C. S. Dole, Crystal Lake, III. 

Bessie's Wonder 52248, Mr. C. S. Dole, Crystal Lake, 111. 

Katherine of Pittsford 73169, Mrs. E. F. Hawley, Pittsford, N. Y. 

Caledonia Lily 54762, Messrs. W. W. Weed & Sons, Potsdam, N. Y. 

Brydie's Darling 57223, Douglass Jersey Cattle Co., Pevely, Mo. 

Dora Binkley 48626, Douglass Jersey Cattle Co., Pevely, Mo. 

Belle of Oxford 38203, Mr. M. L. Frink, Oxford, Mich. 

Signal's Lily Fiagg 31035, Messrs. W. E. Matthews & S. H. Moore, Huntsville, Ala. 

Eurotisama 29668, Mr. D. F. Appleton, Ipswich, Mass. 

Koffee's Lady 37263, Mr. C. G. Peters, East Williston, N. Y. 

Champion's Gem 2d 47785, Mr. F. M. Wilson, Selma, Ohio. 

Lady of Ridgewood 47787, Mr. F. M. Wilson, Selma, Ohio. 

Maid of Monte 43629, Mr. L. A. Martin, Belton, Mo. 

Proctor's Alma Dolores 47107, Mr. T. R. Proctor, Utica, N. Y. 

HEIFERS. 

Pedro's Pretty Flower 88542, Mr. T. S. Cooper, Coopersburtrh. Pa. 

Elturia 80701, Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa. 

Campania 88474, Richardson Bros., Davenport, loua. 

Lily Garfield 79819, Est. of Frederick Billings, Woodstock, Vt. 



) 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



No. 



No. 



No. 



Woodstock Mystery 77746, Est. of Frederick Billings, Woodstock, Yt. 
Woodstock Lady 80619, Est. of Frederick Billings, Woodstock, Yt. 
lola F. 85529, Mr. E. W. Fairman, Brodhead, Wis. 
Jeannette of Pittsford 73185, Mr. A. O. Auten, Jerseyville, 111. 



BULLS. 
Little Harry 8808, Messrs. S. H. Moore, Huntsville, Ala. 
Chromo 261 13, Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa. 
Exile's St. John 20202, Mr. A. D. Baker, Aurelius, N. Y. 



and S. N. Warren, Spring Hill, Tenn. 



The following cows were selected for Test No 


. I : 


I. Sheba Rex 47429. 


No. 14. 


2. Natasqua 65598. 


" 15. 


3. Exile's Lulu 49984. 


" 16. 


4. Albert's Gem 34006 


" 17- 


5. Tristeka 28332. 


" 18. 


6. Little Goldie 38671. 


" 19- 


7. Alteration 56436. 


" 20. 


8. Justa Pogis 64863. 


" 21. 


9. Gay Orphan 25985. 


" 22. 


10. Sayda 3d 173 17. 


" 23. 


II. Pearl of Riverside 55659. 


" 24. 


12. Lorita 33750. 


" 25. 


13. Flora Temple 3d 40086. 




The following cows were selected for Test No 


.2: 


I. Sheba Rex 47429. 


No. 14. 


2. Natasqua 65598. 


" 15. 


3. Exile's Lulu 49984. 


" 16. 


4. Albert's Gem 34006. 


" 17- 


5. Islip Lenox 31703. 


" 18. 


6. Little Goldie 38671. 


" 19 


7. Alteration 56436. 


" 20. 


8. Justa Po;;is 64863. 


" 21 


9. Gay Orphan 25985. 


" 22. 


10. Sayda 3d 17317. 


" 23. 


11. Pearl of Riverside 55659. 


" 24. 


12. Lorita 33750. 


" 25. 


13. Flora Temple 3d 40086. 




The following cows were selected for Test No 


3 •• 


I. Ida Marigold 32615. 


No. 9. 


2. Islip Lenox 31703. 


" 10. 


3. Brown Bessie 74997. 


" II. 


4. Sayda 3d 17317. 


" 12. 


5. Baroness Argyle 40498. 


" 13- 


6. Flora Temple 3d 40086. 


" M- 


7. Signal Queen 30869. 


" ^5- 



Sheba Rex 47429. 



Brown Bessie 74997. 
Lily Martin 49954. 
Annice Magnet 60256. 
Hugo's Countess 68394. 
Ida Marigold 32615. 
Daisy Hinman 61537. 
Merry Maiden 64949. 
Pretty Marchioness 62569. 
Signal Queen 30869. 
Grace Pansy 2d 18764. 
Princess Honoria 62548. 
Baroness Argyle 40498. 



Brown Bessie 74997. 
Lily Martin 49954. 
Annice Magnet 60256. 
Hugo's Countess 68394. 
Ida Marigold 32615. 
Daisy Hinman 61537. 
Merry Maiden 64949. 
Romp's Princess 51 185. 
Signal Queen 30869. 
Grace Pansy 2d 18764. 
Princess Honoria 62548. 
Baroness Argyle 40498. 



Exile's Lulu 49984. 
Merry Maiden 64949. 
Cupid's Jersey Maid 35040. 
Stoke Pogis' Regina 48309. 
Katherine of Pittsford 73169. 
Hugo's Countess 68394. 
Romp's Princess 51185. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



The following heifers were selected for Test No. 4 : 



No. I. Elturia 80701. 

" 2. Campania 88475. 

" 3. Lily Garfield 79819. 

" 4. lola F. 85529. 

The following cows calved at the barns on the 
Proctor's Alma Dolores 47107 en route to grounds 

(prematurely) 

Daisy Hinman 61537 (prematurely) Jan. 4 

Hilda A. 3d 16636 Feb. 4 

Alice C. Magnet 31567 " 4 

Eurotisama 29668 " 4 

Lady Matilda Pogis 36270 _ " 17 

Sheba Rex 47429 " 22 

Lorita 33750 - " 28 

Natasqua 65598 March i 

Grace Pansy 2d I S764 " 5 

Hugo's Countess 68394 " 7 

Pretty Marchioness 62569 " 7 

Idarella 41433 " 9 

Lette Signal 26823 .- " 10 

Sayda 3d 17317 " 13 

Annice Magnet 60256 " 14 

Gem of Mountain Side 36577 " 15 

Pearl of Riverside 55659 " 23 

KofTee's Lady 37263-.- " 24 

LadyO. 83782 " 26 

Priscilla of Riverside 21826 " 28 

Tristeka 28332 " 29 

Alteration 56436 " 30 

Caledonia Lily 54762 " 31 



No. 



5. Woodstock Mystery 77746. 

6. Woodstock Lady 80619. 

7. Jeannetle of Pittsford 73185. 



dates given : 

Chelten Queen 49410- April 

Flora Temple 3d 40086 " 

Justa Pogis 64863 " 

Signal Queen 30869 " 

Daltrina 33S81 " 

Lily Martin 49954 " 

Belle of Oxford 38203 - ' 

Lady Longfield 23524 " 

Little Goldie 38671 " 

Albert's Gem 34006. " 

Dora Binkley 48626 " 

Exile's Lulu 49984 ' 

Merry Maiden 64949 " 

Romp's Princess 51185 ' 

Baroness Argyle 40498 ^ "' 

Brown Bessie 74997 " 

Princess Honoria62548 " 

Ida Marigold 32615 " 

Rita of Andalusia 29414 (prematurely) May 

Fringe 16875 " 

Islip Lenox 31703 " 

Comanca 19389 June 16 

Jessaline 3d 42254 '• 18 

GareHa 62541 July 13 



MILK FEVER. 
In my previous report I stated the death of Gem of Mountain Side 36577. Garella 62541 was the 
only other cow that died subsequent to calving. Her death occurred during excessively hot weather. 
The second day after calving she had been doing well, and, besides nursing her calf through the night, 
had given at six o'clock in the morning 173?^ lbs. of milk. At eight o'clock the same morning, when I saw 
her, she appeared perfectly well. At nine o'clock she was reported to me as sick. At half-past nine she 
was unconscious. We removed her from the box-stall to the open floor of the stable, and revived her by 
stimulants ; but she remained unconscious, and later on passed into milk fever, from which she never 
recovered, although every effort was made to save her. The remedies which I had used previously in 
other cases of milk fever seemed to act upon her beneficially, and she apparently responded to the 
treatment ; but we were never able to recover her from the comatose condition into which she had lapsed 
before she passed into milk fever. From her condition at eight o'clock in the morning, and from the 
quantity of milk which she gave then, and also from her temperature during the night preceding and that 
morning, I am inclined to think that she would not have been stricken with milk fever were it not for the 
excessive heat which first prostrated her, and from which she passed into milk fever. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 5 

The following cows had milk fever, but were successfully carried through same, and recovered there- 
from : Eurotisama, Pretty Marchioness and Signal Queen. Of all the cows calving at the barn, Garella 
was the only cow whose death was caused by milk fever. As is usual in such cases, it was the best that 
was taken. She was a magnificent animal, and had come in with this, her second calf, carrying a tremen- 
dous udder and giving an enormous flow of milk, and promised to have been one of our best cows. 

TESTING COWS FOR SELECTION FOR TEST NO. i. 

As promised in my first report, each cow that had calved previous to the test received one or more 
tests by the churn of a day's milk. These tests were conducted by me personally. I was present at the 
milking, weighed the milk, placed it in a can, sealed the same, retained it under seal until broken by me 
and placed in the churn. I remained constantly present during the churning, saw the butter made, worked 
and weighed in my presence, and then made record of the same. In addition to this, I also took an "oil 
determination " of each cow for each milking of one day, a "composite oil test" for a single day's milk- 
ing, and a ' ' composite oil test ' ' for each cow of seven consecutive days' milkings. In the last case the cows 
were all taken on the same seven days. I was present at each milking, saw these samples taken, and 
supervised the determination of the fat contained therein by the Babcock oil test machine. The jars in 
which the samples were retained were initialed, and I carried the key to same myself. These tests 
formed the basis upon which the cows were selected for Test No. i, regard being had to the staying quali- 
ties of the cows, as far as one could ascertain them, and the distance from calving of the cows under con- 
sideration. 

Your committee, by resolution, decided that neither Eurotisama nor Signal's Lily Flagg should be 
included in the herd, as it was thought desirable that phenomenal cows should be excluded therefrom. 

Discarding all past records, and basing my judgment solely upon the performance of the cows in 
my hands at Jackson Park, I recommended to your committee for Test No. i the cows herein set out as 
those selected, of which your committee approved, and they accordingly formed the herd for Test No. i. 

I continued to keep accurate record of the performance of the other cows in the stable which had 
calved, for the purpose of determining what changes, if any, should be made in the herd for Test No. 2, 
based upon the actual work performed by them here. 

CHANGE OF COWS FOR TEST NO. 2. 

Pretty Marchioness had, previous to and during the continuance of Test No. i, Developed garget in 
one quarter of her udder, and I was fearful that, if she continued through the ninety days' test, the feed- 
ing necessary to secure good performance from her would tend to increase the difficulty referred to, and 
for that reason she was dropped at the beginning of Test No. 2 and Romp's Princess substituted in her 
place. Islip Lenox, which was not in Test No. i, and which had calved late, was showing uncommonly 
good work, and it was thought desirable to have her included in the herd for Test No. 2. She was 
accordingly substituted in the place of Tristeka. 

I continued to keep records of the cows not in the test, other than Eurotisama and Signal's Lily 
Flagg, for some considerable time after the beginning of Test No. 2, and made analyses of the fat in the 
milk by the oil test, and it was very gratifying to find that the selection of the cows as embraced in the 
herd for Test No. 2 proved to be the correct selection. 

RULES GOVERNING TESTS. 

The Testing Committee was "composed of Prof. M. A. Scovell, of the Kentucky Experiment Sta- 
tion, chairman; Profs. S. M. Babcock, Wisconsin Experiment Station ; I. P. Roberts, Cornell University, 
N. Y. ; H. P. Armsby, State College of Pennsylvania (the fodr named having been appointed by the 
Association of Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations) ; and Prof. W. H. Caldwell, representing 



6 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

the American Guernsey Cattle Club, H. H. Hinds the American Short-Horn Association, and myself the 
American Jersey Cattle Club, as superintendents of the breeds named. 

The rules governing the tests were formulated and assented to at various meetings called by the 
Hon. W. I. Buchanan, Chief of Agriculture of the World's Columbian Exposition, and were in process 
of formation and amendment for at least a year and a half previous to their being adopted. The follow- 
ing associations or cattle clubs were represented at these meetings, and assented to the rules : American 
Jersey Cattle Club, American Guernsey Cattle Club, American Short-Horn Breeders' Association, Hol- 
stein-Friesian Association, American Devon Cattle Club, Red Polled Cattle Association, Brown Swiss 
Cattle Association, and American Ayrshire Association. 

Upon the Testing Committee devolved the duty of carrying out the details of the tests, as provided 
for in such rules, subject at all times to the approval and consent of Chief Buchanan. The rules as form- 
ulated prior to the beginning of the tests were adhered to, save in some minor details. Meetings of 
the Testing Committee were held every day from the beginning of the tests to the end of the same, save 
on Sundays, and I was present at almost every meeting. 

WEIGHING OF COWS. 

The rules provided that for the first five days of each test the cows should be weighed, to ascertain 
the average weight during those five days, and also the five days immediately preceding the termination 
of each test ; so that, except in Test No. 3, the herd should receive credit, or should be debited, with the 
increase or decrease in the weight of each cow, and consequently of the herd, at the rate of 4^^ cents per 
pound. A study of the tables of the weighing of each cow from day to day during these five days demon- 
strates a great variation in the weight, at times amounting to as much as 50 lbs., and the wisdom of ex- 
tending it to five days was amply demonstrated. 

TEST NO. I — CHEESE (FIFTEEN DAYS). 

For this test the following associations had each pledged twenty-five cows : American Jersey Cattle 
Club, American Guernsey Cattle Club, and American Short-Horn Association. All of the other breeds 
enumerated had originally pledged cows, but failed to enter, although barns had been built for them by 
the World's Fair authorities. 

The price of feed was fixed by Chief Buchanan prior to the test, and was cased upon the price in 
open markets in New York City, Buffalo and Chicago at that time, as was also the value of cheese, and in 
Tests Nos. 2 and 3, the value of butter. The following are the prices of feed per ton for this test : 



Hay (timothy) .- $11.50 

Silage 4.00 

Corn-Hearts i3-50 

Bran 12.50 

Ground Oats 23.00 

Corn Meal 22.00 



Cotton-Seed Meal $26.00 

Middlings 13.00 

Linseed Oil Meal 22.00 

Grano-Gluten 14-75 

Cream Gluten _ i7-50 



The result of this test was most gratifying to Jersey breeders, as they obtained a complete victory 
in every way. While a few believed the Jersey cow wdiS, par excellejice, not only the best butter cow, but 
also the best cheese cow, it was not generally conceded that this was the case ; and it remained for this 
test to prove, in the most conclusive way, that she was not only the queen of the churn, but of the cheese- 
vat. As was demonstrated, the Jersey herd not only gave more milk than either of the other breeds, ex- 
ceeding the Guernseys in the fifteen days by 2357.8 lbs., and the Short-Horns by 1109.5 lbs., but the milk 
contained not only more fat, but also more solids other than butter fat, so that the milk made more cheese 
per hundred pounds than that of either of the other breeds. The quantity of cheese produced by the 
Jerseys exceeded that of the Guernseys by 321.14 lbs., and the Short-Horns by 374.16 lbs. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 7 

SCORES OF CHEESE. 

iJuring the first four days cheese was not made, owing to the appliances in the dairy not being ready 
to make good cheese ; also on the 20th of May cheese was not made, as the milk of that day went sour. 
But for the ten days in which cheese was made the average scores adjudged by competent and impartial 
judges were as follows : 

Flavor. Texture. Keeping Quality. Color. Total. 

For Jerseys 49.8 23.2 13.5 4.2 90.7 

" Guernseys 48.9 21.8 12.3 4.2 87.2 

" Short-Horns 50.4 22.3 13.4 4.4 90.5 

The amount of cheese credited to the breeds on the four days in which cheese was not made was 
obtained in the following manner : As the average pounds of fat and solids in the ten daysin which cheese 
was actually made is to the pounds of cheese produced therefrom, so the total pounds of fat and solids in 
each day is to the cheese of those days credited to each herd and to the individual cows composing the 
same. The credited cheese from the milk of the 20th of May was ascertained by taking the average of 
cheese for the two days immediately preceding and the two days immediately following that day. 

NET PROFITS. 

The net profit of the Jersey herd for this test (fifteen days) was $119.82, and exceeded the Guernseys 
by $31.52, equal to an excess net profit per cow per day of 8 4/25 cents, and the Short-Horns by $38.46, 
equal to an excess net profit per cow per day of 10 6/25 cents. 



Five awards were given by the World's Columbian Exposition as follows : " («) For the individual 
cow in each breed competing which yielded the greatest net profit during the test." The Jersey Ida Mari- 
gold 32615 was champion of the Jerseys, yielding net $6.97. The Guernsey Sweet Ada was their cham- 
pion, with a net piofit of $5.27, and the Short-Horn Nora, with a net profit of $6.27, headed the Short- 
Horns. Until the increase of live weight was taken into consideration. Merry Maiden 64949 1^^ ^'1 the 
cows, the Jerseys included, by a few cents, but inasmuch as Ida Marigold gained in live weight in excess 
of Merry Maiden, the former was the champion cheese cow of the herd. 

The next award is : " {b) For the individual cow in any breed competing which yielded the greatest 
net profit during the test," and this was the Jersey Ida Marigold, winning by a very strong lead. 

The next award is : " (c) For the five cows in each breed competing which yielded the greatest net 
profit during the test." They were the cows 

Ida Marigold 32615, first, with a net profit of $6.97 

Merry Maiden 64949, second, " " " " " 6.56 

Lily Martin 49954, third, " " " " " 6.34 

Signal Queen 30869, fourth, ' " " " " 6.34 

Baroness Argyle 40498, fifth, " " " " " 6.12 

Average per cow -$6.46. 

It will be noticed that Lily Martin and Signal Queen tie each other. Where this is the case, that 
one " which produces at least cost" is declared winner by the rules. 

The best five cows of the Guernseys showed the following net profit : $5.27, $5.06, $4.82, $4.79, $4.66. 
The leading Guernsey stands fourteenth in order of merit of the 75 cows competing, the second being the 
seventeenth, and the other three eighteenth, nineteenth and twenty-first respectively. The average net 
profit for the Guernseys per cow was $4.92. 

The best five Short-Horn cows showed the following net profit : $6.27, $5-63, $5-28, $4,52, $4-o7 ; 



8 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

average net profit per cow, $5.15; and they stood in the following order of merit among the 75 cows : fifth, 
tenth, thirteenth, twenty-fourth and twenty-seventh. 

The next award was : " (</) For the five cows in any breed competing which yielded the greatest 
net profit during the test," and was awarded as follows : 

No. I, Jersey, Ida Marigold 32615, net profit $6. 97 

" 2, " Merry Maiden 64949, " " 6.56 

" 3, " Lily Martin 49954, " " 6.34 

" 4, " Signal Queen 30869, " " 6.34 

" 5, Short-Horn, Nora, " " 6.27 

It will be noticed that, with the exception of No. 5, every one of the cows is a Jersey, and the Short- 
Horn is placed in this position from the fact that the value of her increase in live weight is $2.52. Other- 
wise she would have stood very much lower. 

The last award, the most important of all, is: " (^) For the breed which yielded the greatest net 
profit during the test," and again the Jerseys are declared the victors. A more sweeping or more decisive 
victory for the Jersey breed could hardly have been wished for, as they won at every point in this test, 
with a large margin to spare. They gave the most milk, containing the greatest percentage of fat and 
solids, and consequently the greatest amount of cheese. They gave a net profit per cow over the other 
breeds which of itself would constitute a fair profit to the ordinary dairyman. Out of the 75 competing 
cows the Jerseys have 14 in the first 25 with an average net profit per cow of $5.75 2/7 ; the Guernseys 7, 
average net profit per cow, $4.79 ; and the Short-Horns 4, average net profit per cow, $5,423^2- 

The lowest Jersey in profit out of the 75 is fifty-third, with a net profit of $3.11. The Guernseys 
bave eight lower, ranging down to a net profit of $1.91, and the Short-Horns fourteen lower, ranging down 
lo a net profit of $1.08. 

MILK REQUIRED TO POUND OF CHEESE. 

The quantity of milk required to make a pound of cheese was as follows: Jerseys, 9.16 lbs.; 
Guernseys, 9.67 lbs.; Short-Horns, 11. 31 lbs. 

FEED AND MILKING. 

While the feed given the Jerseys was in excess of that given the Guernseys, it showed uncom- 
monly good net increased profit in return. The average milk given by each cow per day in the Jersey 
herd was 35.456 lbs., that of the Short-Horns 32.495 lbs., and that of the Guernseys 29.169 lbs. 

In this test, as also in Tests Nos. 2 and 4, the quantity of milk formed an important factor, as in 
reaching the net result credit was given in the cheese test, not only for the cheese made, but also for the 
solids contained in the wliey ; and in the case of Tests Nos. 2 and 4, for the value of the butter, and also 
for the value of the solids other than butter fat contained in the skimmed milk. In this particular, Tests 
Nos. I, 2 and 4 differed materially from Test No. 3, for in the last nothing but the value of the butter 
itself was credited, and the quantity of milk given by the cows was net a factor. Consultation with the 
tables of Tests Nos. i, 2 and 4 will demonstrate that the Jersey cows led in the quantity of milk in each 
of these three tests, as well as in every other important factor that went to make up the net profit, except 
increase in live weight. 

FIVE DAYS PRELIMINARY TO TEST NO. 2. 

An interval of five days elapsed between Test No. i (cheese) and Test No. -^ (.90 days), during 
which time there was no contest, but the feed of the cows in the lest was as accurately weighed out as 
during the cheese test, the same restrictions as to feeding maintained, the milk weighed, the samples 
preserved under seal and sent to the laboratory, and an analysis made of the same for the purpose of 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 9 

keeping an exact record of the quantity of milk given by the cows, and the composition of same. All 
this was done under the direct supervision of the Testing Committee. The result is set out in the table 
appended hereto, as without it no complete record could be given of the cows that remained in all three 
tests. No churning was made of the milk during this time, but by taking the quantity of fat ascertained 
in the milk and multiplying it by 125, we ascertain the quantity of butler that I have credited to the cows 
as 80 per cent butter, being as approximately near the quantity of butter as can be ascertained, except by 
the churn. It is but fair to state that this estimated butter, as credited to the cows, is slightly in excess 
of what would be actually obtained from the churn, as there would be a loss in skimming the milk, as 
also in the fat that would escape in the butter-milk in churning. 

CHANGES IN FEED. 

Some material changes were maile in the character of the feed given to the Jersey cows in these 
five days, because I appreciated that in the go days' test about to be entered upon we had a long race, 
one that was inevitably bound to test the merits of the cows, their staying qualities, their constitution, 
and the patience and skill of the feeder ; and while, to obtain immediate results in large quantities of 
butter, it might have been advisable to have fed feed of a more nitrogenous character, what is generally 
known as "rich feed," it would inevitably have resulted later on in lessening the flow of milk of the cows 
to a more appreciable extent than was the case with the feed given them, and would have tended to have 
produced more sickness than was the case with the cows under my charge. I have no doubt that, in the 
earlier part of this test, had I fed corn meal, pea meal, heavier of cotton-seed meal, and other food of a 
like character, the cows could have produced a very much increased quantity of butter in the earlier days 
of this test ; but my judgment was, and the results have confirmed it, that it would have been done at the 
expense of a very material shrinkage towards the end of the test, as compared with that which we were 
able to produce from the cows. 

The herd entered upon this test in the early part of the summer, in reality the spring in Chicago ; 
passed from that to the heat of summer ; remained on dry floors and on practically dry feed ; were beset 
by hordes of flies, which the character of the soil, being dry sand, had a tendency to produce, and which 
were augmented largely later on by the exhibits of live stock. They passed through the heat of summer, 
with all the visitors that were constantly in to see them, and the other disturbing elements by which they 
were surrounded and beset, and remained in the test till the beginning of fall, with all the climatic changes 
for which Chicago is noted. They showed, nevertheless, but a small decrease to the herd, both in milk 
and butter, being an average of 4.26 lbs. per head per day for milk for the last fifteen days of the ninety 
days, as compared with the cheese test, including cows that had been sick. From the beginning of the 
cheese test to the end of the go days' test embraced no days. The shrinkage in butter per head per day 
was 17/1GO lb., judged by eight days of the last ten days of the go days' test, as compared with the first 
ten days of the same test. Two of the last ten days are omitted, as Little Goldie was "of? the test." 
When the above facts are considered, I am satisfied the choice of feed given the cows, and the way it was 
fed were judicious, and calculated to produce prolongation of flow of milk and maintenance in quantity 
of butter. If corroboration of this were wanting, it would be found in the fact that the superintendents 
of the other two herds largely followed in the wake of the Jersey system of feeding towards the latter end 
of the test, and the superintendent of one of the breeds also adopted our system of wetting and dampen- 
ing the feed with hot water, with very beneficial results to the production of his herd. 

TEST NO. 2 (NINETY DAYS). 

This test was for ninety days, from May 31 to August 28, both inclusive. The herds competing 
were 25 Jerseys, 25 Guernseys and 25 Short-Horns. By the rules, as amended, each of the breeds had a 
Tight, before the beginning of Test No. i (May 11), to nominate three cows as substitutes for Tect No. 2, 



lO THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

with the option of placing them in the latter test. Each breed nominated three, but only two Jerseys 
were substituted, Islip Lenox for Tristeka, and Romp's Princess for Pretty Marchioness, the former tak- 
ing the place of No. 5 in the test, and the latter the place of No. 21. All the other cows retained the 
same numbers in this test as in the previous one. The Guernseys substituted two cows, and the Short- 
Horns three. No. 24 of the Short-Horns had not calved at the beginning of the test, but did so shortly 
afterwards. She did not survive the ordeal, and died before giving any milk. Strictly by the rules, she 
should have been charged for the balance of the time of the test with the average daily feed consumed by 
her previous to her death, and credited with the value of her product given previous to her death ; but 
inasmuch as she had given no product, it was manifestly unfair to charge her with her feed when she 
would have no credit, and, by a unanimous vote of the Testing Committee, the feed which had been 
charged up to her, according to the strict reading of the rules, was deducted from the total feed charged to 
the Short-Horn herd. So that in reality the Short-Horn herd was not charged with the feed given this 
cow, but they were under the misfortune of competing with 24 cows, as against 25 Jerseys and 25 
Guernseys. In making any comparisons between the three herds, this fact must be borne in mind, and 
in striking averages, in the case of the Short-Horns I have in every instance done it upon the basis of 24 
cows of this herd to 25 of the Guernseys and 25 of the Jerseys. 

The same precautions were taken in this as in former and other tests to insure accuracy in weighing 
of the milk ; in regard to samples of milk sent for analysis ; in sending the milk to the dairy; in retaining 
it there intact under seal until taken out in the presence of Prof. Babcock or Roberts ; in having the 
cream separated from the milk ; and in preventing any feed being given to the cows except when weighed 
out. and fed in the presence of a representative of the Testing Committee. 

SYSTEM OF WEIGHING AND SAMPLING MILK, WEIGHING AND FEEDING FEED. 

It may not be out of place to explain this system. The Jersey cows were fed three times a day, at 
half-past four in the morning, half-past ten or eleven A. M., and half-past four P. M. The feed to be 
given the cows at the second morning, the afternoon and succeeding morning feedings was weighed out 
for each cow in the presence of a representative of the Testing Committee. Her feed was placed in a bag 
with her number, and put upon a hook in the wall of the feed-room in the Jersey barn corresponding to 
her number in the herd. The representative weighing the feed then entered upon a form the quantity of 
feed so weighed out to each cow, and, when completed, gave a carbon copy of such form to me as superin- 
tendent. Upon examining same at the next meeting of the Testing Committee, generally the same day, 
I certified to the correctness of it, and it was then ready to be placed upon the file as a matter of record. 
As soon as the feed was weighed out we took the quantity of feed required for the half-past ten feeding, 
placed it in an iron pail in the presence of a representative of the Testing Committee, and steamed it as 
best we could by pouring hot water over it. When this was done the room was securely locked, containing, 
as it did, the feed weighed out for the next twenty-four hours, part of which was in the pail steaming. 
This room was then sealed by the representative of the Testing Committee. Before any cows could be 
fed it was necessary to send for such representative, and he was present at each feeding. No food was 
allowed to be brought into the barn except when a representative of the committee was present, and with his 
full knowledge. There were guards on the barns day and -light, who were changed constantly, and who 
were instructed by Chief Buchanan to report if any cow was given any feed at any time in the absence of 
a member of the Testing Committee. Inadvertently this happened on more than one occasion in each 
barn. The matter was reported promptly to the Testing Committee, who investigated, and, being satisfied 
in each case that it was an accident and not done by design, a record was made of the fact in the minutes 
of the committee, and the defaulting party excused. Inasmuch as the east side of our barn was pretty 
full of cattle not in the test, but being held there as a supplemental herd or on trial for some succeeding 
test, at the instance of one of the competing breeds a wire screen was put up the full length of our barn, 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. I I 

under Chief Buchanan's direction, for the purpose of preventing any possibility of any feed being 
smuggled from one side of the barn to the other. I need hardly say that I heartily co-operated with Chief 
Buchanan in this matter, realizing that when we were the winning breed, as was the case, it was desirable 
to place beyond peradventure any criticism or claim that might thereafter be made that our cows were fed 
any other feed than that which was weighed out to them. It certainly did entail additional work, as there 
was no access from one side of the barn to the other, nor at the north end, and only one door, facing the 
Guernsey barn. While it had its annoyances in consequence, it had its compensations, as it demonstrated 
it was not feed, but breed, that was to be credited with the victory that was then in sight. And it was 
also gratifying that one of the best weeks we had in the history of the Jersey cows was within the next 
couple of weeks after this screen was put up. 

In this and every other test a representative of the Testing Committee was present at every milk- 
ing, five A.M., twelve noon, and six P.M. With very rare exceptions, and only when called elsewhere by 
business, I was present at each and every milking throughout the entire four tests, viz.: five A.M., twelve 
noon, six P.M. Previous to beginning milking, the stalls were examined by such representative, and the 
milking-pails weighed. Each cow was milked in the presence of this representative, and as each cow was 
milked, the pail was immediately brought to the scale and weighed by the representative, checked by me, 
the amount entered upon a form provided for the purpose to the credit of that cow, and a sample, being 
an aliquot part or equal proportion, of each milking of each cow was taken. A set of jars was provided 
by the Testing Committee for each herd, numbered to correspond with the number of each cow in the 
herd, placed in a tin case, and as the sample of the milk from each cow was taken it was poured into the 
proper jar, until a sample had been taken of every cow at that particular milking ; and when a sample 
had thus been obtained from each cow for 24 hours, these glass jars were taken to the laboratory and the 
contents analyzed by a chemist, under the direction of the chief chemist, Prof. E. H. Farrington, of the 
Illinois Experiment Station, as was also a sample of the mixed milk of each herd. When the analyses of 
the milk had been completed in the laboratory. Prof. Farrington delivered to the superintendent of each 
breed a carbon copy showing the analyses, and if the same were satisfactory to such superintendent, he 
certified to same at the next meeting of the Testing Committee, and these records were then ready for 
entry upon the books. Each sample was analyzed twice by two different chemists. The work was most 
satisfactory, and but rarely was there occasion to have another analysis made. 

When each milking was complete, the tin holding these jars was securely sealed, and was immedi- 
ately taken to the laboratory and retained there until the next milking, when the seal was examined by 
the representative of the breed, to ascertain that ihere had been no tampering v/ith it. When the repre- 
sentative of the Testing Committee had made a record of the 24 hours' milkings, he delivered to the 
superintendent of each breed a carbon copy of the result of such milkings, signed by him on behalf of the 
committee. 

When the cows were all milked, the large cans containing the mixed milk were then sealed by the 
representative of the Testing Committee, in the presence of each superintendent, and were carried to the 
dairy, where they were placed in a room under seal, and so retained until the seal was broken by Prof. 
Babcock or some person authorized by the committee, with the intent of having the cream separated from 
the milk, and the same made into butler. The cream was retained also in a room under seal, while it was 
being cooled preparatory to being made into butter. A sample of the butter-milk and of the skimmed 
milk was taken each day for analysis, as a check upon the churn. When the butter was made, such butter 
was retained in a refrigerator room until scored by expert judges appointed by Chief Buchanan. Thin 
was done every week, and there were times when part of the butter had been made for a week before 
being scored. '" 

A sample of the butter was taken each day, and an analysis made of it for the purpose of determ- 
ining the amount of fat, water, ash and casein contained therein ; and inasmuch as the butter was all to be 



12 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

upon a basis of 80 per cent, of fat, for the purpose of uniformity the quantity of butter actually made by the 
churn was mcreased or decreased according to the quantity of fat shown in such analysis of the butter 
The three experts who scored the butter made separate scorings, without consultation one wirh the other' 
the scale of pomts being as set out in the rules, and the price of butter was regulated as provided for bv^ 
he rules according to the average score of the three experts. When these scores were made they werl 
transmuted to Chief Buchanan, who, after examining them, removed the names of the scorers and re 
turned the scores to the Testing Committee, who then ascertained the average score of the three experts 
and naade record thereof. The butter so to be scored was without mark of identification. No super 
intendent nor any member of the Testing Committee had access to, or could identify, the scoring done by 
any of the expert judges. s, ^y 

It will be noticed that all three breeds in this test used coloring-matter up to the time that the clover 
hay began to affect the milk m color. After that, neither the Jerseys nor the Guernseys used any butter- 
color, both stoppmg at the same time. And it is a matter of fact that while the two breeds were fed green 
cloverhay and neither used any butter-color, it was an impossibility to distinguish the butter of either 
breed by the color. At times that of the Jerseys would have a higher coior than that of the Guernseys 
and at times the reverse. Upon green feed, while the Guernsey milk will appear more yellow to the 
eye, the golden hue of the Jersey butter equals that of the Guernsey. 

MILK IN NINETY DAYS' TEST. 

The average milk per Jersey cow per day for the first seven days of the test was 36 3/5 lbs The 
average daily milking for all Jersey cows throughout the entire test, including sick ones, was 33 08 lbs 
The average length of time each Jersey had been in milk at the end of the test was 154 days. The totai 
quantity of milk given by the Jerseys in this test was 73488.8 lbs. The Jersey herd exceeded the 
Guernseys in milk by 11707.1 lbs., and the Short-Horns by 7225.6 lbs. 



BUTTER. 



cow 



The butter given by the Jerseys in the 90 days was 4274.01 lbs., being an average of 170 06 lbs per 
It exceeded that given by the Guernseys by 913.57 lbs., and the Short-Horns by 13S3 14 lbs ' Al- 
lowing for the days some of the cows were "off the test." the average daily production of butter per head 
for the Jerseys was 1.92 lbs. 



SOLIDS NOT FAT. 



The quantity of solids not fat given by the Jerseys was 6465.049 lbs., and exceeded that of the 
Guernseys by 963.61 lbs., and that of the Short-Horns by 714.22 lbs. 

VALUES. 

The value of the butter was $1747-372 ; of solids not fat, $129,299; of increase in live weight, $34 920- 
tnaking a total of $1911.591 ; as against which the cost of feed was $587,498, leaving a net profit of $1324 093 ' 
less I0.281, the cost of butter-color used in the early part of the test, which leat^es a net orofit of $1323 812' 
The value of the butter of the Jerseys exceeded that of the Guernseys by $391-91, and that of the Short- 
Horns by $575.60. The value of all the products, except increase in live weight, after deducting cost 
of feed, gave the Jerseys an excess in profit of $307.65 over the Guernseys, and $504.17 over the Short- 
Horns. _ When the value of increase in live weight is added, at 41^ cents per pound, the net profit of the 
Jerseys IS $326.17 over the Guernseys, and $413.69 over the Short-Horns ; or $3.62 net profit per day 
per herd, or $o.I4t*u'o- per day per cow, over the Guernseys, and $4.60 per day per herd, or $0.19^ per day 
per cow, over the Short-Horns (on the basis of 24 cows for the latter). ' 

The net profit for the 90 days per cow was as follows: Jerseys, $52 95; Guernseys, $39.91; Short- 
Horns, $37.92 (24 head). 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



13 



The milk required to make one pound of butter was: Jerseys, 17.2 lbs.; Guernseys, 18.4 lbs.; 
Short-Horns, 22.9 lbs; The cost of feed per pound of butter was as follows: Jerseys, $0. iSy^^^j^; Guernseys, 
$o,i4^V(y; Short-Horns, $0.17 j%%. 

Analyzing the results per individual cows, the highest net profit per day for any Short-Horn cow 
was 58 cents, which was exceeded by twelve Jerseys. The highest Guernsey was 64 cents, which was 
exceeded by eight Jerseys, as follows : 

Brown Bessie. -81 cents per day. Sheba Rex 68 cents per day. 

Merry Maiden .71 " " Hugo's Countess. 67 " " 

Ida Marigold.. 7 1 " " I Baroness Argyle. 66 " " 

Or, putting it still another way, the following table gives the average net profit per cow per day, 
leaving out the fractions of cents, and it shows there were eight Jerseys with 65c. net profit per day or 
over, and no Guernseys or Short-Horns ; twenty-one Jerseys which made a net profit of over 50c. per day, 
with six Guernseys and six Short-Horns ; that, with the exception of one Jersey that was sick the greater 
part of the test, all the Jerseys show a daily net profit of 430. or over, to twelve Guernseys and eleven 
Short-Horns, or more than the Guernseys and Short-Horns combined: 



Islip Lenox 65 cents per day. 

Romp's Princess. 65 " " 



NET PROFIT PER DAY. 



Cents , 



Jerseys 

Guernseys. 
Short-Horns 



81 


71 


68 67 


66 


65 


64 


63 


62 


61 


59 


58 56 


55 


54 


53 


52 


51 


50 


49 


48 


47 


46 


45 


44 


4£ 


Jl 


39 


38 


37 


36 


35 


34 


33 


32 


31 


29 


27 


1 


2 


1 1 


1 


2 








2 


1 


1 


1 4 


1 


1 


1 





1 

















1 





2 




















*1 
































1 


1 





1 








2 











1 


1 


1 


1 





1 


1 


1 








3 


2 


2 


1 


1 





2 


1 


1 
















! 























1 


1 


1 


1 


1 


1 





1 








1 


1 





2 


1 


2 


3 





1 








1 


1 


2 


1 


1 



Total 
Cows. 

25 
25 
24 



* Was sick during greater part of test. 

The following awards were made by the World's Columbian Exposition : 

(a) For the individual cow in each breed competing which yields the greatest net profit during 



the test 



Jersev — Brown Bessie 74997 $73,224 net profit. 

Guernsey — Materna . 57.822 " " 

Short-Horn — Nora 52.634 " " 



(3) For the individual cow in any breed competing which yields the greatest net profit during the test: 
Jersey — Brown Bessie 74997. 

{c) For the five cows in each breed competing which yield the greatest net profit during the test : 



Jekseys. 


No. IN 
Herd. 


Net 
Profit. 


Owner. 


Guernseys. 
Net Profit. 


Short-Horns. 
Net Profit. 


1. Brown Bessie 74997 


14 
20 
18 
1 
17 


$73,224 
64.513 
64.154 
61.597 
60.732 




$57,822 
56.717 
55.039 
50.284 
50.172 


$52,634 
50.264 


2. Merry Maiden 64949 




3. Ida Marigold 32615 


C. A. Sweet, Buffalo. N. Y 

T. A. Havemeyer, Mahwah, N. J 

D. L. Heinsheimer, Glenwood, la 


48 691 


4. Sheba Rex 47429 

5. Hugo's Countess 68394 


48.450 
47.196 



(d) For the five cows in any breed competing which yield the greatest net profit during the test : 
Awarded the Jerseys — i. Brown Bessie ; 2. Merry Maiden ; 3. Ida Marigold; 4. Sheba Rex; 
5. Hugo's Countess. 

(f) For the breed which yields the greatest net profit during the test : Awarded the Jerseys. 



H 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



The following table shows the relative standing of all cows in the test, with value of increase in 
Jive weight added, arranged according to their order of merit, based on net profit : 




* Was sick. 



This table shows that the Jerseys secured not only the first five places, but the first eight, and that 
they had eighteen places out of the first twenty-five, to the seven places of the other two breeds com- 
bined. 

This go days' test was the most important of all the tests, as it embraced milk (through the solids other 
than butter fat), butter, and increase in live weight ; and its length was such as was calculated more than 
any other test to demonstrate the staying qualities of the cows and the breeds on dry feed, throughout 
the vicissitudes of the season, the swarms of flies and numerous visitors, and the other disturbing ele- 
ments to which the cows were subjected by their environment. The figures tell their own story, and in 
most unmistakable terms the Jersey has proved herself in this greatest of all tescs infinitely superior to all 
other cows. 



SICK cows. 



Sections 9 and 10 of the rules provide as to the dropping of cows from the test in case of illness, and 
how their product shall be dealt with while they are off the test. Annice Magnet, No. 16, was taken sick 
and declared off the test on the i8th of June. At that time she was averaging in milk about 31 to 32 lbs. 
a day, and shrank to i lb. a day. She was suffering from impaction, and was a very sick cow, and at first 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 1 5 

it was a question whether she would recover or not. She was reinstated on the 8th of July, although she 
had not recovered her health nor flow of milk, giving but 13.3 lbs. at that time, and on the last day of 
July but 23.5 lbs., and never again gave higher than 24.3 lbs., and that but for one day. I protested to 
Chief Buchanan against this action, but it was over-ruled, the principle being laid down that when a cow 
was giving normal milk she was to be reinstated, regardless of whether her permanent future health or 
usefulness as a breeder would be affected thereby, or without regard to what butter or other product she 
was giving at the time of reinstatement, or how it compared with her previous production. Annice Mag- 
net had been doing very well up to the time she was taken sick, often making 2 lbs. of butter per day ; 
but, naturally, after so severe an illness, and being a young cow, she did not keep up her record, and con- 
sequently is low in point of merit for a Jersey in this test. For the first ten days she was off the test she 
got no credit, but for the balance of the time until she was reinstated she received credit by " averag- 
ing," as provided in the rules. 

Merry Maiden, No. 20, was attacked by impaction on the 20th of June, and dropped from 36 lbs., on 
the 19th of June, to 13.6 on the 21st. She was not declared off the test, and gradually recovered her flow, 
but never reached her old mark. That she was able to finish second in this test under such circumstances 
stamps her as a remarkable cow. At the time she was taken sick she led in butter all the 75 cows com- 
peting. Her feed was cue down, and was not fully restored for nearly a month and a half thereafter. 

Gay Orphan, No. 9, had an attack of impaction on the 12th of July, dropping from 29.1 lbs., on the 
nth of July, to 1.3 lbs. on the 15th, when she was declared off the test. She was reinstated on the 22d 
of July, giving at that time 18. i lbs. of milk, and gradually returned to her full flow. 

Owing to a very sudden fall in the temperature, being 40 degrees in 12 hours, Alteration, No. 7, 
took a congestive chill on August 6, followed by impaction of the rumen, from which she never recovered, 
and died on August 12. She was one of the best cows in the entire test, and stood fifth among the 75 com- 
peting cows at that time. Her death was a great loss, not only to her owner, Mr. C. I. Hood, but to the 
Jersey interest generally. 

Little Goldie, No. 6, was stricken with a like disease on August 27, and, though she lived through the 
test, expired on the 3d of September. She stood eighth in the test, and at the time of her sickness was 
doing splendid work, and her loss was a severe one to the Jerseys. Mr. Hood, unfortunately, was also 
her owner. Hereto is appended the report of the veterinary surgeon as to the sickness and death of both 
of these cows. Alteration was the only cow of the Jersey herd that died in the test. The Short-Horns 
lost one cow and the Guernseys two that were in the test. Each one of these cows was stricken without 
the slightest warning, nor was it peculiar to the Jersey herd alone. I would call particular attention to the 
report of Dr. Hughes, V.S., as to the condition the post-mortem showed Little Goldie to be in, as it tends 
to show that, notwithstanding the long strain of continuous dry feeding she had undergone, and the length 
of time she had been retained in the stable upon a dry floor, the character of the feed had been such that 
she had not been " burnt out," as might naturally have been expected. When Little Goldie was stricken 
down with impaction I urged Dr. Hughes in the strongest terms of which I was capable to open up the 
first stomach and take out the contents of that and the second stomach, as in my judgment the only means 
that would relieve her. He differed from me, thinking he could relieve her by medicine. Past experience 
in this and in the Guernsey barn in like cases had taught me that, by the time the medicine had had time 
to act upon the contents of the stomach to dislodge them, while the contents of the stomach might be dis- 
solved by the medicine, the power to discharge it would be lacking. The post-mortem of Little Goldie 
demonstrated this fact, and I think Dr. Hughes was convinced later that my grounds were well taken. I 
mention this for the guidance of any who may be unfortunate enough to have cows that have been under 
.ontinuous feed for any length of time stricken with a similar disease. In my judgment no possible injurj' 
can occur to the cow by making an incision in the first stomach suflScient to take out the contents of that 
and the second stomach, and sewing it up. 



l6 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

CHICAGO VETERINARY COLLEGE, 
2537 AND 2539 State Street, 

Chicago, September 25, 1893. 
Valancey E. Fuller, Esq., 

SnJ>t. A merican Jersey Cattle Club, 

IVorld's Columbian Kxposition : 

DjarSir: I have the honor to submit my report relative to attendance on cows Alteration and Little Goldie,both of which 
died as a result of impaction of the rumen. 

On Aug. 6, at your request, I visited the Exposition Grounds and examined the cow Alteration. I found the cow unable to 
rise and suffering from inflammation of the udder, the bowels markedly constipated and the rumen impacted with food, and at the 
same time showing abdominal pain. Dr. Mc^ilahon, veterinarian to the Fair, arrived at this time and also examined the animal. 
You informed us that you already had given the cow a full dose of physic the night previous, and that on the. same morning you 
had given still more. We decided that this treatment was perfectly proper, and recommended that small doses of Epsom salts, 
combined with carminatives and stomachics, be given at intervals of four hours, so as to keep up the action of the purgatives and 
prevent the accumulation of gas. We also directed the application of hot cloths to the udder and frequent rectal injections. On 
the following day, Aug. 7, Dr. McMahon telephoned me, requesting that I should take full charge of the case. I found, on 
arrival, the cow somewhat improved; the physic had slightly operated, the contents of the rumen were still hard, and the griping 
was not so severe. The cow was still unable to rise. On Aug. 8 and 9 a slight gradual improvement was noticeable. The mam- 
mary gland became softer, at times free purgation set in, yet the mass in the rumen still continued to remain. Stimulants were 
tried during those days to keep up the vitality, and, if possible, cause a return of the appetite, but the animal would not eat 
anything. 

On the night of the 9th, and on Thursday, Aug. 10, the weather became extremely warm, more especially on Thursday, when 
the heat was oppressive. The cow sank rapidly, but seemed again more bright on Friday, Aug. 11, when it became more cool. 
The vitality of the cow was, however, exceedingly low on this date, as she had not eaten anything since the attack set in, e.\cept 
some milk, eggs or oatmeal gruel with which she was drenched. On Saturday, Aug. 12, the cow died, and you telephoned me as to 
whether I desired to hold a. post-mortem on her, but I said I did not, as the cause of death was so apparent. 

Early on the morning of Sunday, Aug. 27, you came after me, requesting me to accompany you to see the Jersey cow Little 
Goldie. I immediately did so, and found her paralyzed in the hind extremities, suffering considerable abdominal pain. A marked 
stupor was also evident, showing considerable derangement of the brain. I immediately gave an active cathartic, and recom- 
mended treatment tending to allay the spasms, which were at intervals very pronounced. I saw the cow again the same evening, 
when there was no change apparent further than that the pains were relieved. On Aug. 28 I again saw the cow, and at that time a 
profound coma had set in, the animal lying in the most listless manner possible, with glazed eyes and stertorous breathing. The 
physic given on the previous day had slightly operated, but the hardened condition of the mass of food within the rumen still 
remained unchanged. Recommended ice to base of brain and stimulants. On the 29th the coma passed off, the cow raised her 
head and drank some, but would not eat any. The pulse was small and quick. Another full dose of physic was again given, and 
the stimulants continued. On the 30th and 31st August, and on the ist and 2d of September, no very marked change was appar- 
ent in the cow's condition, she seeming to remain comfortable, drinking a little, but refusing food of any kind. During these days 
a little gruel and milk was given her by bottle. A great mass of hardened food could still be detected in the rumen. On Sep. 2 a 
full dose of physic was again given, and on my visiting the cow the following day, Sep. 3, the stupor which had affected her the 
previous Monday had returned, and from this she did not recover during the same evening. 

On Monday, Sep. 4, I held an autopsy on the cow. The stomach contained a large quantity of food, which, from the action 
of the last physic, was softened. The walls of the organ were healthy. The bowels showed patches of congestion and inflamma- 
tion, apparently very recent, and seemingly caused by pressure, owing to the continuous constrained position in which the cow lay. 
The remaining organs were evidently healthy, showing nothing but the usual /t'j/' mortein congestive appearances. The cause of 
death of these two cows is to be sought for in the food of which they partook, the purposes to which they had been put, and the 
environments in which they had been placed. 

I need not allude at length to any of these particular causes further than to say that, in cattle fed continuously all they 
can eat of highly-stimulating and dry food for seven or eight months, permitted no exercise, and at the same time with their milking 
capabilities developed and drawn upon to their fullest extent, it is not possible to keep up the continuous tension indefinitely with- 
out something going wrong. Naturally, the apparatus most taxed is the mammary and digestive, the latter more particularly, and 
should rumination once suspend, after a cow's rumen is filled with food, the most serious of consequences may result. The food in 
such a case, instead of being remasticated and passed along into the third and fourth stomachs, ferments and decomposes, and even 
when the most powerful physic is resorted to several days or even weeks pass by before the first stomach is completely cleared of its 
sour contents. During this time there is complete loss of appetite, and the system becomes so weakened, more especially in 
nervous animals, that the vital powers fail before the result ati>;mpted is accomplished. This has been the course taken by the 
disease in the two cows alluded to, with the additional unfavorable symptom of paralysis present. But for the presence of this last 
symptom, I would have removed the contents by surgical operation, but I considered the paralysis as much the cause as the result 
of the disease. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 1 7 

» 

I cannot conclude this report without making allusion to your untiring zeal in the nursing and general care of the animals in 
your charge. I have seen interested and patient nurses, but never before have I had to do with cases that received fhe same atten- 
tion as that given by you to the cases reported upon. 

Respectfully submitted, 

JOSEPH HUGHES, V.S. 

TEST NO. 3— (THIRTY DAYS, BUTTER). 

From Aug. 29 to Sept. 27, inclusive. Number of cows in test, 15 Jerseys, 15 Guernseys and 15 
Short-Horns. It will be seen by the rules that it is provided that this test shall be confined to such breeds 
as have competed in Tests Nos. i and 2, each of which shall furnish 25 cows for same. The latter por- 
tion of the rule was amended, by which the number of cows of each breed was fixed at 15, in place of 25. 
This was done at the instance of the American Guernsey Cattle Club, who represented that, unless they 
were allowed to reduce the number to 15, they would not be able to compete ; and they based their re- 
quest upon the grounds of economy, and also owing to the fact that they had met with misfortunes in the 
cows that had been selected for this test, in the burning of the barns of the owner, Hon. Levi P. Morton, 
which contained at the time three cows selected for the test. Owing to such representations and request, 
the rules were amended by Chief Buchanan, by which all breeds were allowed to compete with 15 cows 
each. 

By the rules, the superintendent of each breed was allov/ed to substitute one or more or all the 
cows in this test, by giving specified notice shortly before the beginning of the test. I think it is to 
be regretted that, when the Guernseys were granted their request to reduce the number o^ cows to 15, 
they were not compelled to be limited to such cows as had been in Tests Nos. 1 or 2; because it is notice- 
able that they substituted in this test five new cows, to four of the Short-Horns and tnree of the Jerseys, 
so that one-third of their total herd was composed of fresher cows. 

This test differed from any other test in that butter alone was the only product credited. No value 
was allowed for increase in live weight, nor did the quantity of milk play any part, as no credit was given 
for solids other than butter fat ; but butter, pure and simple, was the object sought, from which was de- 
ducted the cost of feed and color. For the sake of keeping complete records of the cows, but for no other 
reason, the increase in live weight was reported, also the quantity of milk given by the cows and herds, 
and solids other than butter fat, but none of these things were considered in making the award. 

In this test the Jerseys labored under the disadvantage of having but three substituted cows, one of 
which had been over five months in milk, to five substituted cows of the Guernseys and four of the Short- 
Horns. In the early part of the test Hugo's Countess, No. 14, met with an accident, and followed as it 
was by the caking of a quarter of the udder, it acted prejudicially to her health, and necessitated the cut- 
ting down of her feed, whereby the product was materially impaired. That she suffered in health is shown 
by the fact that in the thirty days of the test she lost 120 lbs. in weight. The second day of the test 
Romp's Princess, No. 15, took cold in the show-ring, and never thoroughly recovered from the effect of 
the same. Islip Lenox, No. 2 in the test, also contracted a cold in the early part of the test, and suffered 
the ill-effects of it through the balance of the test. Out of the 74 cows competing in the go days' test, these 
three cows stood 5th, 8th, and 7th respectively. 

Notwithstanding all these disadvantages, the Jersey herd was again victorious in every respect, as 
will be seen by the tables. In comparing the relative merits of the cows in the herds, the only items to be 
considered are the pounds of fat as ascertained by the oil test, the quantity of butter, the value of same, the 
cost of feed, and the net profit. 

The same precautions as formerly were taken to insure accuracy in feeding, milking and analyzing 
the milk, in the retention of the milk until creamed, the retention of the cream until made into butter, and 
the storage of the butter until scored. 



l8 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

The prices for feed in this test were as follows : 

Old Hay - -- $11.50 per ton. Cotton-Seed Meal $26.00 per ton. 

New Hay -- 10.00 " " Middl-'ngs 13 t-O 

Silage 1.50 " " Linseed Oil Meal.-- -- 22.00 " " 

*Carrots 8.00 '• " Grano-Gluten -- 14-75 

Corn-Hearts-- 13.00 " " | Cream Gluten i7-5o 

Ground Oats 23.00 " " 1 Corn Meal 22.00 

The butter was scored by the same scale of points as in Tests Nos. i and 2, but a change -.vas made 
in the value of same— that scoring 90 points, 40c. ; 95 points, 45c. ; 100 points, 50c. ; and one cent per pound 
was added to these figures for every point scored above those named. For instance, under the old rule, 
butter scoring 90 points was credited at 40c. a pound. Anything between 90 and 95 points was still at 40c. a 
pound; from 95 to 100 points, at 45c. a pound. Under the amended rule, if the average score of the three 
experts was, say, 92 points, the butter was credited at 42c.; 93 points, at 43c.; 96 points, at 46c. and so on. 
As in Test No. 2, the churn governed ; and the quantity of butter credited to each cow was dis- 
tributed from the actual v/ork of the churn and the analysis of the butter, so that when the quantity of 
butter credited to the whole herd was ascertained, on the basis of 80 percent, fat, it was distributed ratably 
among the cows, according to the quantity of butter fat to their credit, as provided for in the rules. I par- 
ticularly mention this because it has been conceived by many that the quantity of butter credited to each 
cow was that ascertained by-the oil test and that the oil test governed the churn, whereas, as will be seen 
from the above, the reverse is the case. 

BUTTER. 

The quantity of butter given by the Jerseys in the 30 days was 837.211 lbs., which exceeded that of 
the Guernseys by 1 13.041 lbs., and that of the Short-Horns by 174.551 lbs. The value of the butter of the 
Jersey herd was I385.592, being $55.82 in excess of that of the Guernseys, and $81.91 in excess of that of 
the Short-Horns. 

The net profit of the Jerseys, after deducting cost of feed, exceeded thatoftheGuernseys by $37,125 
(equal to a net profit per herd per day of $1.24, or Sj^c. per head per day), and that of the Short-Horns by 
$75,236, or $2.51 per herd per day, or i6J4c. per head per day. 

The cost of feed of the Jerseys for the 30 days exceeded that of the Guernseys by $18,477, but it 
produced value in butter of $37,125 over the Guernseys, or over 200 per cent, net profit, although the cost 
per pound of butter in feed was slightly less in the Guernseys. 

COST OF BUTTER. 

The cost per pound of butterin feed was : Jerseys, rSxW- ; Guernseys, i2^%\c. ; Short-Horns, iSi^ijC. 
Appended is a list of the cows composing the Jersey and Guernsey herds in this test, giving the dates 
when they last calved ; and such cows as were substituted for this test are in each herd marked with 
an asterisk. The slight excess cost in the Jerseys over the Guernseys of producing a pound of butter is 
accounted for by the fact, as v;ill be seen by the table, that the Guernseys had a number of fresher cows 
than the Jerseys. These are among the substituted cows. It is well known that cows that are fresh will 
produce butter at a less cost per pound than cows that have been on dry feed and in milk for the length of 
time that were those composing the Jersey herd. It was clearly demonstrated by the 90 days' test that the 
Jerseys could produce butter at a cheaper rate than could Guernseys, and the respective ability of the two 
breeds was not changed in that short length of time, but the Guernseys had the good fortune of possessing 
fresher cows, and the Jerseys had not. 

* But 900 lbs. were furnished, as a trial prior to being furnished with cured clover hay of the crop of 1893. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD^S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



19 



I give a table in this test also of the profits per cow per day of the various herds, and, as has been 
Sie case heretofore, the decimal parts of cents are left out : 

NET PROFIT PER DAY. 



Cents 


82 
1 


76 

1 


66 65 

.. *1 


64 

*i 


62 

1 
*1 


6160 59 


58 

3 
2 


57 

*1 
*1 


56 
1 


53 

*i 


52 

2 


51 

i 


50 

1 

1 
*1 


48 

i 
1 


47 
i 


46 

'i 


44 

i 
1 


43 

i 


42 

i 

2 


41 

i 

*i 


40 

i 


39 
*i 


38 

i 

1 


32 

"i 


31 

6 
1 


Total 
Cows 




1 


..1*2 
*3', . . 




Jerseys 

Guernseys 


15 

15 








*1 .. 


15 











* One substituted cow. 

It shows that every Jersey made a net profit of 50 cents a day or over, and from that up to 82 cents, 
as against nine Guernseys at 50 cents and over and three Short-Horns, or three more than the other two 
breeds combined ; that of the nine Guernsey cows which made 50 cents or over, five were substituted or 
fresher cows, and of the three Short-Horns two were substituted cows, to three substituted cows in the 
entire Jersey herd. The superiority of the Jersey is, however, shown most strongly in the average net 
profit per cow per day, which is : Jerseys, 60y^^c. ; Guernseys, z^^m^-'< Short-Horns, 44to"':C- 

MILK TO POUND OF BUTTER. 

The following is the quantities of milk required to make one pound of butter : Jerseys, 16.58 lbs.; 
Guernseys, 18.66 lbs.; Short-Horns, 23.56 lbs. 

NET PROFIT OF ALL COWS (45). 

The following table gives the standing and net profit of the 45 cows in the test, arranged in their 
order of merit : 



a 





Breed. 


IS 
1^ 


fin 




« 

g 



Breed. 


^ . 

OK 
OH 


EJ 


K 


Ist 




3 

10 

1 

12 

10 

3 

1 

8 
15 
14 
11 
15 
6 
5 
9 
13 
9 
13 
4 
14 
8 
2 
7 


S24.678 
23.085 
20.015 
19.560 
19.377 
18.898 
18.869 
18.556 
18.242 
18.214 
17.910 
17.771 
17.640 
17.615 
17.543 
17.539 
17.443 
17.249 
17.116 
16.947 
15.930 
15.791 
15.723 


"4th 

25th 

26th 

27th 

28th 

29th 

30th 

31 St 

32d 

33d 

.34th 

35th 

36th 

3rth 

38th 

39th 

40th 

41st 

42d 

43d 

44th 

45th 


Short-Horn 


15 
6 
4 
2 
4 

12 

13 
2 

11 
7 

14 
1 
9 
7 

11 
6 

10 
3 
5 
5 
8 

12 


S15.478 


2d 




Guernsey 


15.293 


3d 




Jersey 


15.290 


4th 




Short-Horn 


15.220 


5th 






14.599 


6th 






14.524 


7th 


Short-Horn 


14.288 


8th 




Guernsey . 


14.020 


9th 




Short-Horn 


13.484 


10th 




Guernsey 


13.362 


11th 




Short-Horn 


13.099 


12th 




Guernsey 


13.784 


13th 


" 


Short-Horn 


12.709 


14th 




Guernsey 


12.649 


15th 




13.595 


16th 




Short-Horn 


12.585 


17th 






12.127 


18th 




11 


11.971 


19th 




Guernsey 


11.565 


20th 




Short-Horn 


11.524 


21st 






9.623 


22d 


Jersey 


11 


9.520 


23d 







It will be noticed that, out of a possible fifteen, the Jerseys have nine cows among the first fifteen, 
to six of the other two breeds combined ; that the highest net profit for any Jersey is $24,678 (over five 



20 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



months in milk at the end of the test); the highest Guernsey, $19,377 (one month and fifteen days in milk) ; 
the highest Short-Horn, $20,015 (two months and eight days in milk); that the lowest Jersey scores $15,290, 
standing twenty-sixth in the test out of forty-five, having been six months and fourteen days in milk ; the 
lowest Guernsey, $11. 565, and the lowest Short-Horn, $9,520. The above table further shows that there 
are six Guernseys and thirteen Short-Horns lower than the lowest Jersey. 

The following awards were made by the World's Columbian Exposition : 

(a) For the individual cow of eac/i breed competing which yielded the greatest net profit during the 
test : 



Breed. 


Owner. 


Net 
Profit. 


Jersey— Brown Bessie 74997 

Guernsey— *Purity 

Short-Horn— *Kitty Clay 4th 


C. I. Hood, Lowell. Mass 


$24,678 


G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 


19 877 


I. K. Innis, Greenville Centre, Pa 


20.015 ' 







* Substituted cows. 
{J}) For the individual cow in any breed competing which yielded the greatest net profit during the 

J rsey — Brov/n Bessie 74997. 
(<r) For the five cows in each breed competing which yielded the greatest net profit during the test : 





Jebsets. 


1 


GtTEBNSETS. 


Shokt-Horns. 


Name of Cow. 


Owner. 


Net 
Profit. 


No. of 
Cow. 


Net 
Profit. 


No. of 
Cow. 


Net 
Profit. 


1. Brown Bessie 74997 


C. I. Hood, Lowell, Mass 

C. I. Hood, Lowell, Mass 

Est. of F Billings, Woodstock, Vt 

C. A. Sweet, Buffalo, N. Y 

T. A. Havemeyer, Mahwah, N. J 

Total 


$34,678' 
23.085! 
19.560, 
18.869 
18.556 

$104,748, 

i 


No. 1.* 

" 3> 
" 4. 
" 5. 


$19,377 
18.898 
18.343 
18.314 
17.543 


No. 1.* 
" 3. 

" 3.* 
" 4. 
" 5. 


220.015 


2. Merry Maiden 64949 

3. * Stoke Pogis' Regina 48309 

4. Ida Marigold 32615 

5. Sheba Res 47429 


15.47'8 
15.220 
14.599 
14.388 




$93,374 


!R79.fi0ft 








" 



Substituted cows, 
(df ) For the five cows in any breed competing which yielded the greatest net profit during the test 



Breed. 



Name of Cow. 



Net 
Profit. 



Last Caif. 



1st. Jersey IBrown Bessie 74997 

2d. " Merry Maiden 64949 

3d. *Short-Hom ! Kitty Clay 4th 

4tk. *Jersey |Stoke Pogis' Eegina 48309. 

5th, *Guernsey Purity 



23.085 
30.015 
19.560 
19..377 



April 21, 1893 
April 15, 1893 
July 19, 1893 
July 29, 1893 
Aug. 13, 1893 



* Substituted cows. 
{e) For the breed which yielded the greatest net profit during the test : Jerseys. 

TEST NO. 4— HEIFER TEST. 

Period, 21 days, from Sept. 30 to October 20, inclusive. Number of heifers in test : Jerseys, 7 ; 
Short-Horns, 6 ; Guernseys, none. 

The original rules provided that this test should be for a period of 30 days, and that the value of the 
product should be ascertained and the awards made on exactly the same basis as in Test No. 2, the 9c 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 21 

days' test. It was optional with any breed that had participated in Tests Nos. i, 2 and 3 to enter this test. 
The Guernseys decided not to enter any heifers. 

The rules were amended by Chief Buchanan on the ground of economy (the tests having cost the 
World's Columbian Exposition up to that time over $70,000), by which the length of the test was curtailed 
to 21 days. The churning in the dairy was dispensed with ; the fat was ascertained by the Babcock oil 
test, in the laboratory, under the immediate supervision of Prof. Farrington, and the butter was estimated 
therefrom, en a basis of So per cent, oil in the butter, and the solids other than butter fat were ascer- 
tained by analysis of the whole milk. The same values of feed ruled as in Test No. 3, and like precau- 
tions were taken as in former tests to prevent any feed being improperly given to the heifers. The same 
precautions as in the past v/ere taken to insure accuracy in weighing the milk, in sampling the same, and 
in retaining samples of milk under seal until analyzed. As there was no butter to score, all the estimated 
butter was credited at the fixed price of 40 cents per pound, and the solids, other than butter fat, at the 
rate of $2.00 per hundred pounds. 

The heifers were to be less than three years old on Sept. i, 1893, and each breed was limited to not 
less than five head, nor could they enter more than ten. 

None of the Jersey heifers calved at the barns in this case, and, with the exception of Campania, 
No. 2 in the test, none of them had been especially prepared for the same. 

Appended to this report is a table giving the weights of the Jerseys for the first five and the last five 
days of the test, the gain in live weight, and the value of such gain at the rate of 4^^ cents per 
pound ; also the like information for the Short-Horns. The Short-Horns made the unprecedented 
average gain of three pounds per head per day, equal in value to 13I2 cents per day, the total value of the 
Short-Horn gain in weight being $2.88 per head, to ilo.964 of the Jerseys ; so that the Jersey heifers had 
each to make, practically out of butter, nearly nine cents a day to equal the increase in live weight of 
the Short-Horns, and where the quantity of product, owing to the immaturity of the animals, is much less 
than in the case of mature cows. This was no small task to accomplish ; but, as will be seen hereafter, 
the Jerseys again led in c'"3ry respect, except in increase in live weight. 

There were seven Jerseys in this test, and but six Short-Horns, so that in making any comparison it 
is necessary to take the averages per head for the purpose. 

MILK. 

The Jerseys averaged 479.5 lbs. milk per head, to 430.1 lbs. of the Short-Horns. The daily 
average per head of the Jerseys was 22.83 lbs. Five of the Jerseys averaged 24.48 lbs. per head per day. 

FAT IN MILK. 

The quantity of fat in the milk of the Jerseys gave an average of 22.19 ^^s. and that of the Short- 
Horns 16.31 lbs. 

BUTTER. 

The Jerseys gave of estimated butter 27.75 lbs. per head, and the Short-Horns 20.39 lbs. The daily 
average production per head of the Jerseys was 1.32 lbs., and of the Short-Horns 0.97 lbs. The Jersey, 
Lily Garfield, barely two years old, averaged over i^.£ lbs. per day, and one day made 1.98 lbs. 

VALUES. 
The value of the butter and solids not fat of the Jerseys gave an average of value per head to the 
Jerseys of $11,098, to $8,158 for the Short-Horns, or a daily average per head to the Jerseys of 52 cents, 
and to the Short-Horns of 38 cents, without taking into consideration increase in live weight. When the 
cost of feed is deducted it gives an average net profit to the Jerseys per head of $7,075, and to the Short- 
Horns of $5,023, or a daily average per head to the Jerseys of $0,337, ^"d to the Short- Horns of 
$0,239. ^^t when the value of increase in live weight at 43^2 cents per pound is added, the Short- 



22 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



Horns show their true breed characteristic, and cut down this profit, so that in the final summing up 
the average net profit per head of the Jerseys is $8,039, ^"d of the Short Horns $7,903. 

The object of this test was to show the profitable production which young cows can give, and 
certainly in this instance that object was attained. 

The following awards were made by the World's Columbian Exposition : 

(a) For the individual heifer of eac/i breed competing which yielded the greatest net profit during the 



Breed. 


Owner. 


Net Profit. 


Jersey Lily Garfield 79819 


Estate of F. Billings, Woodstock, Vt 


$11,220 
10.970 




I. C Thornton & Sons 









{b) For the individual heifer of any breed competing which yielded the greatest net profit during 

the test : 

Jersey — Lily Garfield 79819. 

(c) For the five heifers in each breed competing which yielded the greatest net profit during the test: 



Jerseys. 


Owner. 


Net Profit. 


l8t. Lily Garfield 79819 


Est. of P. Billings. Woodstock, Vt 

Aaron O. Aiiten, Jerseyville, 111 

Est. of F. Billings, Woodstock, Vt 

Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa 

Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa 

Total 


$11,320 


2d. Jeannette of Pittsford 7.3185 


8.685 
8.653 




7.901 


5th. Elturia 80701 


7.219 








$43,678 



Short-Horns. 


Owner. 


Net Profit. 




I. C. Thornton & Sons 


$10,970 


2d. Fancy l.'ith 


I. C. Thornton & Sons 


9.374 


W. W. Waltman 


8.275 


4th 4th Belle of Trowbridge 


C. Lovett 


7.510 




C. Lovett 


5.901 




Total 


$42,030 



{d) For the five heifers in any breed compreting which yielded the greatest net profit during the test: 



Breed. 



Name op Cow. 



Owner. 



tj C 1. 



^ o <&> 



Ist. Jersey 

2d. Short-Horn. 
3d. " " . 

4th. Jersey 

5th. " , 



Lily Garfield 79819 Estate of Fred'k Billings. 

Miss Rennick 24th ll. C. Thornton & Sons. . . . 

Fancy 15th 11. C. Thornton & Sons — 

Jeannette of Pittsford 73185 Aaron O. Auten 

Woodstock Mystery 77746 Estate of F. Billings 



$11,220 

10.970 

9.374 

8.685 

8.653 



$10,365 
7.460 
6.584 

7.785 
7.438 



(f) For the i^r^f^/ which yielded the greatest net profit during the test — Jerseys. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 23 

HIGH CHARACTER AND IMPARTIALITY OF TESTS. 

It will thus be seen, from a careful perusal of the facts above enumerated, and especially the figures 
(which are official, which are beyond peradventure, and which will be quoted for years to come as those of 
the greatest tests that the world has ever seen), that the Jersey has proved, beyond cavil or doubt, her su- 
periority in all these tests — tests which were more prolonged, covered more ground, settled more points in 
dairying, handling of cattle, feeding, and the relative merits of the breeds, than has ever been done in the 
past. To myself, it is a matter of great gratification that the Jerseys have proved that the claims that have 
been made by those who had confidence in them were well founded, and that they were, as we have always 
claimed them to be, the greatest and most economical producers, both at the churn and the cheese-vat. 
This was a fair test, under strict rules, supervised by experts of national reputation in the dairy world, of 
unquestioned probity, of well-known ability and experience, such men as Prof. S. M. Babcock of the Wis- 
consin Experiment Station, I. P. Roberts of Cornell University, H. P. Armsby of the State College of 
Pennsylvania, and Prof. M. A. Scovell of Kentucky Experiment Station, chairman of the Testing Com- 
mittee. The fact that these gentlemen gave an active and personal supervision to this matter is sufficient 
to warrant the confidence that has everywhere been inspired as to the high character and accuracy of the 
work that would be and was performed. 

THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION PART. 

But few have any idea of the magnitude of these tests. The World's Columbian Exposition expended 
the enormous sum of $73,096.42 net, in conducting these tests and making preparations for same. They 
established a store-house for all the feed to be fed the cows in the tests, as well as for those not in the tests. 
They had a purchasing agent for the purpose of buying such feed as was required, a set of men to cut up 
hay and attend to the proper distribution of this feed, and each barn was charged, merely as a check, with 
the feed taken out by them. 

I desire to say that none of the difficulties we had to contend with in the absence of cured clover in 
the spring, and later green clover or fodder, can be properly laid to the door of the Exposition authorities, 
as Chief Buchanan and those he represented did everything in their power to overcome the obstacles and 
disadvantages of a test conducted in a city, and in the World's Fair grounds, distant as it was from any 
market that could provide green fodder. They spared no expense in their efforts to meet the demands of 
the case, even sending their fodder agent into different States convenient to Chicago, for the purpose of 
endeavoring to procure a supply of green fodder continuously. The best, and in fact- the only, arrange- 
ments they could make to have green clover shipped to us were in Wisconsin. This was at a point one 
hundred miles distant from Chicago. To insure the arrival of the clover at the Exposition grounds in the 
best condition possible, special arrangements were made with the railroads. Large refrigerator cars, simi- 
lar to those used for shipping dressed meat, were sent to the point of shipment ; the clover was cut in the 
morning, loaded on the afternoon of the same day, the car attached to a passenger train and brought to 
the city, and specially switched into the Exposition grounds, where an engine was always standing ready 
to switch it to the dairy barns, where it was at once unloaded rapidly and spread upon the floor. Both 
open and tight cars v/ere used in transit. Experiments were made by storing it at the dairy barns in tight 
box-stalls and spreading it on the floor with straw as a layer. Notwithstanding all these efforts and the 
expense incident to such methods, it was not a success as a feed, as it sweated in transit, notwithstanding 
all precautions, and when exposed to the atmosphere wilted rapidly and became black. 

SILAGE. 

Chief Buchanan had two large silos filled with 400 tons of silage. The spring of the year in which the 
corn was planted was wet and late. In consequence, when it had to be cut to avoid frost, it was too green. 
It had to be transported on cars a considerable distance, was delayed en rottte, and was soaked with rain. 



24 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

Under these circumstances, production of a good class of silage could not be looked for, and in conse- 
quence it was of very little value to us as a feed. 

BARNS. 

The Exposition provided most comfortable barns, six in number, as that represented the number of 
breeds that they finally expected to compete in the tests. The Jersey barn was two stories high, 120 ft. in 
length and 50 ft. in width. The building was plastered on the outside. The first floor was ceiled, both 
walls and ceiling, with tongued-and-grooved planed pine. The cows stood tail to tail, with an alley 20 ft. 
in width between them, on platforms raised nine inches. A gutter ran the full length of the stable (with an 
incline to carry off liquid manure), which was coated Avith a hard " pilch." There v/ere no partitions be- 
tween the cows, back of the mangers. There were five box-stalls for calving cows, but they proved inade- 
quate, and subsequently one of the other barns, which was not in use, was changed into a calving barn, 
where many of the cows calved ; but it was required for the laboratory and offices of the Testing Committee 
at a later date, so we were obliged to vacate same early in April. In the latter barn were also stables for 
keeping calves. The box-stalls as erected in the barn proper were too small, and we lost two calves by 
cows lying on them, owing to the cramped space. In the centre of the alley running the length of the 
barn between the cows was placed a tank, for the purpose of feeding the Buckley water-troughs with water, 
by which each cow was given all the water she required. 

In the Jersey barn two chimneys had been built, so that we were able to keep the temperature com- 
fortable for the cows through the winter. This was necessary, as many of the cows came from Southern 
States. 

From the time of the beginning of the tests the World's Columbian Exposition provided the feed 
Up to that time each breed provided its own feed. The feed so furnished included that of any cows that 
were not in the tests, and also the feed for such calves as remained after the tests began. 

The feed was put in boxes and placed upon the floor in front of the cows, and, when the test began, 
boxes were placed in front of the feed-troughs, with partitions between the cows, to prevent one from steal- 
ing from the other. Directly against the wall, in front of the cows, were' placed feed-bins, to hold feed 
during the test, with locks and keys ; but this was believed to place too much liberty in the hands of the 
superintendents of the breeds, and all the feed, except such as was locked up in the ceiled room before re- 
ferred to, was kept in a barn especially for that purpose, presided over by a forage agent, with employees 
in the pay and directly under the control of the World's Columbian Exposition. 

Large, double drive-doors were placed at each end of the barns, and side-doors to get into the space 
in from of the cows. An office was provided upstairs, also sleeping accommodations for all the employees. 
These rooms were very comfortable, and were constructed in the loft, which was large and spacious, the 
floor of which was laid with planed pine. Chief Buchanan did everything in his power to make every 
person conducting these tests as comfortable as circumstances would permit. It was his earnest wish that 
the cows should have as fair a chance as was possible under the surrounding conditions, and no money nor 
pains were spared to attain that end. 

VISITORS. 

Visitors to barns were admitted only upon the authority of the superintendent of each barn. Admis- 
sion to our barn was obtained by passes issued to every member of the A. J. C. Club, and to such other Jersey 
breeders as applied by letter to me or to Mr. D. H. Jenkins, the secretary of the commiUee, and wherever 
any Jersey breeder was known to be such, admittance was never refused him. The number of people ap- 
plying, however, daily ran into hundreds, and often thousands ; and it must have occurred that admission 
v/as inadvertently refused to Jersey breeders who should have been admitted, owing to the guards refus- 
ing same, or to the fact that, owing to other duties, it was not always possible to investigate as to whether 
those seeking admission were breeders or not ; and as the majority of applicants, at times over 1,000 a 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 2$ 

day, claimed lo be Jersey breeders, it was necessary to investigate to ascertain the accuracy of such as- 
sertions. 

LABORATORY AND OFFICES. 

The laboratory and offices of the Testing Committee were fitted up very comfortably. There was a 
large room in which all the analyzing of the milk was done, as also the running of the Babcock oil tests, 
of which there were several, and every appliance necessary for that purpose was provided. An adjacent 
room, with all necessary appliances, was fitted up for the analyzing of the butter. This work was under the 
immediate direction of Prof. E. H. Farrington, with competent assistants, principally students from the 
agricultural colleges and experiment stations. Of these there were generally three or four at work. 

A large and comfortable room was provided for the daily meetings of the Testing Committee, and an 
adjacent one for the accountants who kept the books and records, of whom there were generally four em- 
ployed. The balance of the building was devoted, one room for washing up the pails and dairy utensils, 
and the other portions fitted up into rooms for the sleeping accommodations of the representatives of the 
committee who supervised the weighing of the milk at milkings, and the feeding of the cows. Janitors 
were provided by the Exposition, both for the barns and for the laboratory and offices. 

The office work was under the immediate supervision of Prof. Scovell as chairman, who was there 
nearly all the time, and Prof. Armsby at such times as he was there, but, owing to sickness in his family, 
the latter was not present as much of the time as I know he desired to be. Ah four representatives of the 
agricultural colleges and experiment stations assisted each other in this work, especially in all- proof-read- 
ing, calculations and computations. 

DAIRY. 

Dr. Babcock took charge of this work nearly the whole period of the tests. In his absence Prof 
Roberts took his place. A head cheese-maker and two assistants M'ere employed during the fifteen days 
of the cheese test, also janitors. During the 90 and 30 days' tests a head butter-maker, with two assistants, 
and janitors were employed. Mr. W. H. Gilbert was the superintendent of the dairy, but the work was 
left largely to the Testing Committee. The dairy and facilities in same were not such as tended to produce 
good butter. The temperature of the room was altogether too high, and no adequate means of cooling the 
same were provided. But it gave to the Jersey breed an opportunity of showing its characteristic in its 
cream, inasmuch as, under these disadvantageous circumstances, the scoring of the butter shows that its 
solidity was very marked. As I have before remarked, the facilities for the retention of the cream, as 
such, and the butter after it was made, did not do justice to any of the breeds, and especially to a delicately- 
flavored butter, such as that of the Jersey. I know that an effort was made to remedy the excessive glare 
which caused the heat by stretching gauze across the building, to prevent the rays of the sun having such 
direct effect, but it was not successful. 

QUALIFICATION OF COWS FOR TESTS. 

I stated in my former report that in my judgment cows should be of a placid disposition, and I think 
it is too apparent to need any argument. That the cows of the Jersey herd possessed quiet dispositions, 
and the characteristic of adapting themselves to their surroundings as far as possible, was, I think, appar- 
ent to every person visiiing the barns during the tests. 

I also 'Stated that I preferred cows from five to nine years of age. There were cows chosen for the 
tests exceeding the latter age, but, as the summer wore on, under the strain to which each cow in every 
barn was subjected, it was m.ore and more apparent that, had they been younger, they would have with- 
stood their disadvantages better, and would have done better in the tests. 

In my judgment it was essentially necessary that the cows should be deep milkers. I conceived that, 
under the disadvantageous circumstances that surrounded them here, confined as they were and practically 



26 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

without green food, subjected to sudden changes of climate, to the disturbing element of constant visitors, 
away from their homes and changed wholly from the natural conditions that surrounded them there, no 
cow of any breed would show anything like the same richness in her milk, and that it was necessary, for 
this reason, to have a large flow of milk, which could be more readily procured under the circumstances 
than could richness. The results of the tests demonstrated that such preconceived ideas were correct, and 

1 am satisfied that, had we confined ourselves to cows of abnormal richness without a considerable flow of 
milk, our efforts would not have met with the success they did. Reference to the figures in the tables 
clearly demonstrate that the cows that succeeded best, not only in the Jersey herd, but among the Short- 
Horns and Guernseys, were generally deep milkers. 

I also stated that in my judgment it was necessary to have cows of good constitution. I appre- 
ciated many of the difficulties that we had to encounter, as I conceived them ; but t was not prepared to 
meet the very changeable weather which we had to contend with through a great portion of the tests. It 
was my expectation that we would have been provided with green fodder, which could be fed to the cattle 
fresh every day, and that it would not have been necessary for us to carry them, many from February 
through to October, upon practically dry feed. 

No green fodder of any sort was provided for us until the 14th of June, when we were furnished 
with the green cut clover brought from Wisconsin before referred to. The supply often lasted for three 
days, and, for the reasons previously stated, it did not have the beneficial effect that pasture, or cut clover 
fresh from' the farm and fed to the cattle, would have had. At best, it was but a corrective. It did not 
affect the richness of the milk, nor the flow of same, to any appreciable extent, as grass generally does; 
so that I claim we practically carried our cows on dry feed from the time they calved until they left the 
barns for their homes, a most difficult task, and one that entailed great risk to the co'.vs themselves, and 
grave responsibilities and anxieties to those in charge; and that such conditions were not followed by 
more disastrous results than were the case, I think is to be attributed to the character of the grain that 
was fed, and to the watchfulness that was ever on the alert to discover the slightest signs of danger, and 
by experience, skill and nursing, avert it as far as possible. 

Under these circumstances it was absolutely necessary that our cows should be possessed of un- 
commonly good constitutions. In this connection I may remark that I think the cows from the Southern 
States suffered more than those from the North, and that the confinement to cows that were in the habit 
of roaming the pastures practically the year through, and of having access at nearly all times to at least a 
little green feed, as is the case with most cows in the extreme Southern States, was more prejudicial than 
to those from the North and East. 

I have stated that it was my aim to obtain, as far as possible, cows of a capacity of 3 lbs. a day at 
home, under favorable conditions. But I stated, before I accepted this position, to the chairman of your 
committee, as also to the lale Maj. Campbell Brown, that if a herd could be procured that would average 

2 lbs. a day, or very close to it, to the end of the go days' test, I would be satisfied with the work that 
would be done, and that I knew no breed could surpass such production. The records will show that this 
was practically accomplished, although when I made that the basis of my calculation I fully expected that 
we would have placed at our disposal cured clover hay, and later a daily fresh supply of either green fod- 
der corn or green cut hay; and if we had been in possession of such, there is no doubt in my mind that 
we would have averaged higher per cow than 2 lbs. per day. 

Any cow, especially one that is very highly bred, is a creature of habit, and very sensitive, and 
anything that disturbs that habitude does so at the expense of production. The changing of cows that 
have remained in stalls for any length of time to others will decrease the flow of milk and production of 
butter, often for a week, and very often it will be two weeks before they will approach the yield they gave 
before such change was made ; and it is a well-known fact that wherever decreases of that nature take 
place, the return s seldom up to exactly as high a mark as before. We had that experience one time 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 2/ 

during the test, at the time the partition between the cows was erected. We had twenty-three cows on 
the west side of the barn, Nos. i to 23, and two cows on the east side, Nos. 24 and 25. When it was 
desired to place all our test cows on one side, we took down a box-L.all to the north of where cow No. i 
stood, making two stalls in its place. Instead of placing Nos. 24 and 25 in these two stalls, we moved all 
the twenty-three cows up two sfUs, so that our cows might come in the order of their numbers, and put 
Nos. 24 and 25 in the stalls formerly occupied by Nos. 22 and 23. " A drop of between 35 and 40 lbs. oc- 
curred from such change, and lasted through twenty-four hours, and I am satisfied it would have taken 
from a week to ten days to bring them back. But when they were changed back to their old places again, 
it took only two days to get them back to their normal work. All persons familiar with practical dairying 
know what the result of a change of milkers is with the flow of milk. 

Climatic influences also made great changes. Much to my surprise, I found by observation that 
when the temperature rose to an uncomfortable degree for the human being, in the summer, it acted very 
favorably to the production of milk in the cow, and to the richness of same. When we had three or four 
days of such continued weather, oppressively hot to the human being, it was favorable to the cows ; but 
if such warm weather was accompanied by great humidity, it was prejudicial to both flow of milk and 
percentage of butter fat. Cool, bright weather for one or two days would not decrease the flow ; but if it 
lasted three or four days it had a tendency to decrease both that and the percentage of butter fat. 

While we endeavored to accustom our cows to visitors, and while apparently a moderate number 
of visitors per day did not affect them, yet I found that the days in which we had fewest visitors, the 
weather not being prejudicial, we had the best production, and that a large number of visitors decreased 
the flow of milk. 

I think it is the case at home on the farm, as far as I have observed, that where there is a decrease 
in the flow of milk there is an increase in richness, so that the increased fat generally nearly equals the 
decrease in milk. But it was a noticeable feature of these tests that anything which decreased the flow oj 
milk also decreased the butter fat, so that on the days that we had a smaller' flow of milk we also had a 
less percentage of butter fat. The effect of visitors, noise and confusion was very noticeable immediately 
the live stock exhibit was placed in the barns. There was a material decrease in products, caused by the 
increased number of visitors, and by the fact that we had large, heavy draft-horses in the barn adjoining 
us, which were worried by flies and themselves disturbed, and so disturbed the cows nearly all night. I 
know at first they certainly disturbed me, because I was up three or four times every night, believing 
something was wrong in the barn. Everything was done by me that my judgment suggested to get the 
cows back to their flow, until I was satisfied that the whole trouble arose from the increase of visitors and 
the increased noise and disturbance. After the live stock returned home, the cows again improved in. 
milk, demonstrating the accuracy of the conclusions reached. 

I found the best way to keep down the flies, which swarmed in thousands, was to use sticky fly- 
paper, and waged an incessant warfare against the flies by the use of such paper. Different ''washes" 
were used on the cows, but with no good results. After considerable difficulty and delay, screens were 
procured for the windows, and swinging screen-doors. This, however, should have been done prior to 
the flies becoming so prevalent, and in the early spring I made a request to Chief Buchanan for wire 
screens and wire screen-doors, which were promised by him to me, and in turn were promised to him by 
the proper authorities ; but there was so much work to be done that it was delayed until late. 

YIELD PRODUCED. 
I am satisfied that the yield made here was not as large by twenty-five per cent, as the same cows 
would have done at home on the farms, under the same supervision, were the same amount of thought, 
attention and anxiety to obtain results displayed, and with the cows in as good a condition for good 
production as they were in here. And this opinion is not confined to myself, but was the belief of the chair- 
man and every member of the Testing Committee with whom I discussed this matter. From a careful 



28 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

observation of the cows I am satisfied that of those who came from Eastern climates, and especiol y those 
from the South, many did not become acclimated during the entire period they remained here, and many 
not for months. Again, some of our best cows did not get into the tests owing to the fact that it was an 
off year, and there were others that were distinctly home-sick, and among these some cows from which I 
expected great results. They would not give milk, but, notwithstanding all the feed we would give them, 
they became thin, were dejected, and yet were in perfect health. I am satisfied, too, from past experience, 
that, with as careful and gradual preparation to assimilate food as the cows in these tests had, larger 
quantities of food could have been fed them at home on the farm, with an increased butter-production fol- 
lowing, but could not here. 

PRODUCTION AT WORLD'S FAIR AND AT HOME. 

Those who have been at the barn, and who know what we had to contend with, will readily realize 
that I am within the mark when I repeat that the production of the majority of the cows was not within 
20 to 25 per cent, of what they would have done at home. And if proof of such assertion were wanting, 
it is found in the following facts : I received letters from a few breeders during the progress of the 90 days' 
test who believed they had cows that would do far better at Chicago than those we had in the herd, basing 
their opinion upon what such animals were doing at home ; and they were justified in arriving at such a 
decision from the premises before them. Believing that such cows would be an aid to the test and to the 
cause, with that public spirit which has animated Jersey breeders in this matter, they offered these cows 
for the tests. I corresponded with these gentlemen, and, while recognizing the fact from the yields that 
were reported to me, details of which were carefully given, that these cows were doing better than those 
we had at Jackson Park, I suggested to them that it did not follow that the cows under discussion could 
repeat their performance here ; that the change from the home farm to Jackson Park would act prejudi- 
cially to them ; that they had to become acclimated ; that they would suffer from the ill-effects of visit. 'rs, 
from the absence of good and green feed, and from the other disadvantageous circumstances surrounding 
them ; but that I believed,, if they would bring their cows, even at home, to as near the condition they 
would be in at Chicago as possible, they would find a material falling-off ; and I suggested to them to isolate 
the cows from the rest of the herd, tie them up for seven days, have the same man milk and attend to 
them who had heretofore performed these duties, feed them as they considered would be most beneficial 
to them in grain feed, and give them whatever green cut grass (this was in June and July) they thought 
desirable, and, after they had been so tied up for seven days, test them for the next seven days by the oil 
test, and keep accurate records of their flow of milk. There were six cows so treated under my sugges- 
tions, and of these but one retained the flow of milk and butter-production of the preceding few weeks. 
The others decreased in flow from 20 to 30 per cent., and decreased in percentage of butter at least one per 
cent. As I stated before, I believe the cows from the Southern States, where they were in the habit of 
nving the pastures practically the year through, and having some green grass to nibble, suffered most, 
those from the Eastern States next, and those from the West least, because they were in the habit of being 
tied up for months ; but we had in our herd two cows from a farm where I am told it is the custom to keep 
the cows tied up all the year through, and not allow them to go out to pasture, but to feed them in the 
barn, and these two cows maintained nearer the home production than any other two cows we had, and I 
think, if I am not mistaken, that one did better than she had ever done at home. 

I think our flow of milk more nearly approximated the home production, but with such cows as we 
had, and fed as they were, we ought to have had a richer product — i. e., a higher percentage of butter 
fat. It certainly was not the fault of the breed that we did not have it. I question if it was the fault of 
the feeding or care. But I, in common with others who have watched this matter very closely, am con- 
vinced that it was the change of life and surroundings which decreased the percentage of butter fat. Had 
these tests been conducted upon a farm within reach of Chicago, where the cattle would have had access 
to pasture, and where they could have had proper exercise, far better results ought to have been attained. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 29 

I found the cows did better when not let out for exercise at all. All through the winter months I 
had the cows exercised on the floor daily, and in the early spring, before the flies came, had them exer- 
cised out of doors. But after that it was impossible to do so, as the flies drove them nearly wild when 
out, and they brought swarms of flies in with them. Had we been able to continue the exercise every day, 
I have no doubt it would have helped them ; but I found that turning the cows out occasionally, as we did, 
was followed by a decrease in the flow of milk and percentage of butter fat, on the general principle that 
it was disturbing the habitude of the cows. 

The wisdom of bringing all the cows here to calve has been amply justified. I have always believed 
that the ability for milking between calvings is fixed in the first thirty to forty-five days after each such 
event, and that to produce a good flow of milk the cows must be especially fed in that period to produce 
that result, beginning with such food in small quantities, fed moist or as a " slop," and gradually increased. 
Too great anxiety leading to over-crowding in the early part of lactation will be most prejudicial to the cow 
until her next calving, and my preconceived ideas on this subject were borne out by my experience in these 
tests. Had the majority of the cows not been brought here before calving, this habit could not have been 
fixed for this test, except it were done at home ; and in bringing them here it would probably have caused 
a very large decrease in flow, which, with very rare exceptions, could not have been regained. Of all the 
cows which went through Tests Nos. i and 2, but one had calved at home, Gay Orphan, and I doubt not, 
from careful records furnished of her previous work, that she would have done much better had she calved 
here. In Test No. 3, of the ten cows that were especially brought here for that purpose, and that had 
calved at home, but three went into the test, viz. ; Stoke Pogis' Regina (which did extremely well, and 
which I regret we did not have for the go days' test), Katherine of Pittsford and Cupid's Jersey Maid. 

PRICE OF BUTTER. 

A good deal has been said upon the subject of the price of butter, and that it was too high. I be- 
lieve that the price of butter as given in the schedules was too low, regard being had to the quality of the 
butter. But whether too high or too low, it was the price fixed by Chief Buchanan, based upon the whole- 
sale price of a fine article of butter in the markets of New York, Boston and Chicago, and assented to by 
all the breeds prior to the tests beginning. The price of feed was regulated upon the same basis. I have 
noticed that those who claimed that the price of butter was too high, and based their assertions upon the 
market price in the West, have carefully abstained from asserting that the price of feed as charged was too 
high. Yet a revision of the price of feed, based upon the Western prices for fodder, would make a consider- 
able reduction in the cost of feed ; and it is manifestly unfair to claim that the price of the butter should be 
scaled down to a Western price, while the price of feed should be maintained to a basis equal to an average 
between the West and East. This test was for the purpose of demonstrating not only the capacity of cows 
and breeds, but also as an educator in the production of a high class of butter ; and any person keeping his 
cows and his stable in absolutely as clean and sweet a condition as was the case here, producing in accord- 
ance with the character of the feed fed here a milk absolutely as clean and carefully aerated, and bulter made 
by Ai butter-makers, can and will always find a market the whole year through for the product of as many 
cows as were in this test, at a higher market price than was allowed for this butter. There is too much 
indifferent butter on the market, and an Ai article, produced with the same cleanliness, and made with 
the same skill that was demonstrated here, will always command a price in excess of that at which the 
butter was credited to the various breeds. 

I would, however, beg that those who judge the character of the butter in these tests by the score as 
made by the experts, comparing it with the scores as given to the butter on exhibition, will not be deceived 
as to the character of the former, or believe that it was inferior in any way to the exhibited butter, because 
it was not. It is a question of the application of the score-card, and the scoring of such of the prize butter 
as was sold on the Elgin market demonstrates the accuracy of my assertions. 



30 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

YIELD OF MILK. 

The milking of the Jersey cows in the herd as a whole was most satisfactory, considering the 
conditions. The statistics upholding my assertion are to be found in the tables in another part of this 
report. 

YIELD OF BUTTER. 

Notwithstanding all the disadvantageous circumstances for the production of a large quantity of but- 
ter, there were individual yields at various times that indicate the capacity of the Jerseys under favorable 
•conditions. Some of the statistics bearing this out are in the accompanying tables. 

FEED. 

The composition of feed in these tests had to be regulated to a certain extent with reference to the 
cost of the component parts of same. Had the price of oats permitted it, I would have preferred to have 
fed more largely of them than I did. While the price of corn-hearts, as compared with corn meal, favored 
a cheaper production, it was not this consideration alone that induced me to feed them. It was the fact 
that we had a long test before us, that we had no prospect of being able to procure a supply of green feed, 
and for these reasons I preferred corn-hearts to corn meal. In a shorter test, where yield alone is to be 
considered, a larger amount of butter can, in my judgment, be produced on corn meal than on corn-hearts. 
We were not able to maintain as high feeding in middlings towards the end of the test as in the beginning, 
as the gluten in the middlings tended towards impaction, one of the greatest difficulties we had to contend 
with. I was unable to discover any special merit in cream gluten or grano-gluten. 

When the cows were stall fed, as was the case in all these tests, I found they did best when the cured 
clover or timothy was cut up into lengths of about three-quarters of an inch. I also found that the cows 
digested the grain feed better when it had been dampened with hot water and allowed to stand, as the food 
thus heated has been partially prepared for digestion, and the cow has been saved the labor to that extent. 
" Steaming," had it been possible, would have been preferable. 

When any material change in feed was made, no effect was produced in the first twenty-four hours, 
but in the following twenty-four hours there was a falling-off in product ; on the third or fourth day, accord- 
ing to the extent of the change made, the beneficial effect, if any were to follow, was shown. It was clearly 
demonstrated that radical changes in feed should be seldom made, and that any increase that may be de- 
sired must be done very gradually, and in small quantities. 

I am more than ever convinced that, with patience and skill, cows can be educated to assimilate 
profitably a large quantity of grain feed, and that, if the composition of same is judicious, no ill effect will 
follow. This was so marked in the 90 days' test that it was possible to calculate the increase in product 
that might be reasonably expected, and was almost always produced, by a given increase in feed. 

That continuous and heavy feeding can be indulged in without injury, if coupled with discretion in 
administering it, is shown by the fact that not a single cow that went through all three tests had her udder 
in any way injured (except Hugo's Countess, and that was an accident, in no way traceable to feed), and 
that every owner of these cows from whom I have heard reports them as doing extremely well, and as be- 
ing sound. 

CHARACTER OF THE HERDS. 

A good deal has been said of the high character of the Jersey herd competing, and that it would be 
an impossibility to duplicate such a herd. It cannot be denied that in individual merit, in appearance, in 
udder, and in all that goes to make up a perfect type of dairy cow the cows at Jackson Park wereof a very 
high order. But there are many equally as good, if not better, cows in the country, that we expected 
would have been available for this test, but which were not, for the following reason : they were bred by 
their owners to calve in the latter part of March or early in April, and many of them had been held for 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 3: 

that purpose for some time. As is often the case, they failed to hold, and consequently were not available 
for our purposes. 

Again, out of some 250 cows that I was especially requested to examine, over twenty had died of milk 
fever between the time the members of the committee had seen them and my visit to the farms where they 
had been. I am not in a position to judge positively whether the Short-Horn Association and the Guern- 
sey Cattle Club had as good specimens as it was possible to obtain under the circumstances, although I 
think I am in as good a position to form a conclusion on those subjects as they are to form their conclusions 
as to whether it would be possible for us to produce a better herd. I do not believe that all the good Jer- 
sey cows of the country were in the Jersey herd. In fact, I am satisfied that, under certain conditions, a 
better herd could be produced. I believe that the Short-Horns had as fair samples of their breed as it was 
possible for them to obtain. I do know that the superintendent of that breed informed me early in 
March, 1S93, that he had more cows selected for the tests than he desired, and that he was then undergo- 
ing the process of weeding out. I believe that the Guernseys had as fair representation of their breed as 
it was possible to obtain, and I am convinced the superior performance of the Jersey, the superior individ- 
uality of the cows in point of dairy excellence, in conformation, in udder, and, in general, all that goes to 
make up a great dairy cow, were not alone owing to the individual excellence of these cows, but to the 
superiority of the breed. I believe all the breeds had fair representative animals, and that, were this test 
to be done over again, the results could not be relatively changed. The truth is, a superior breed to the 
Jersey, in all that goes to make a perfect dairy cow, in conformation, and in excellence of work at the pail, 
churn and cheese-vat, does not exist ; and before the Jersey cow can be deposed from the proud position 
she had heretofore attained, and which this test does nothing more than confirm in the most unmistakable 
manner, anew breed of dairy cows must be created. But, unless I mistake the character, the intelligence 
and the enterprise of Jersey breeders, the type of the Jersey cow as she is to-day will have advanced to a 
still higher pinnacle before another breed to equal the Jersey cow of to-day is produced. 

The dairying public, the members of the American Jersey Cattle Club, and Jersey breeders gener- 
ally, are under many obligations to the agricultural colleges and experiment stations for the interest they 
took in this work, and for the appointment of such skilled, fair and impartial gentlemen as were chosen to 
represent them in these tests. They all devoted themselves to the work with the single aim of conducting 
the tests in such a manner as would best carry out the rules, and never displayed the slightest prejudice 
whatever in favor of either one breed or the other. They were always found at their posts of duty, and it is to 
their efforts that so perfect a system of blanks and records, and the carrying out of same in detail, were 
due. They have the satisfaction of knowing that, through their aid and assistance, one of the most 
perfect, most prolonged, most severe and most impartial tests was made that has ever been conducted 
in the world. Personally I feel under obligations to them for the encouragement they always held out, 
and for the universal courtesy and kindness they ever extended to me. 

With the broad minds that have characterized the World's Columbian Exposition authorities in all 
matters pertaining to this great exposition, they approached this matter in the broadest and most liberal 
way, never hesitating to spend money where objects were to be attained, and never sparing themselves 
any labor or trouble where the end seemed to justify the means. To them all dairymen, in this country 
and in others, are indebted for making such a test possible. 

I desire to return my sincere thanks to the President, to the Executive Committee, to the chairman 
and your committee, to members of the Club, and to Jersey breeders throughout the length and breadth of 
this country, for the universal courtesy ever extended to me, and for the aid they were always ready to 
proffer to me in this matter. We were all working for one common cause, the retention of the Jersey cow 
on the high pinnacle she had been placed. The members of the Club and Jersey breeders have done nobly 
in the matter, and if, through any effort of mine, as faulty as it has been, I have helped but slightly to 
attain results that are gratifying and satisfactory to you, I am amply repaid. 



,32 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



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34 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



RECORDS OF JERSEY COWS AND GUERNSEY AND SHORT-HORN HERDS IN TEST NO. 1, CHEESE TEST. 



Jebsets. 






T) 


^ ai 


"S<u 






Vat.ite 


OF Products. 






d 


r* 




















"S . 










^ 


Net 




Name and Herd 
Register No. of Cow. 


S 




[a S 


K 


■go 

0*0 


^ 


Cheese. 


Whey. 


Live 
Weight 


Total. 


Profit 
lessCost 
of Food. 






lbs. 


lbs. 


lbs. 


lbs. 


lbs. 


lbs. 












1 


Sheba Rex 47439 


593,4 
429.2 
632.0 


28 01 
22.43 
24.59 


35,01 
38.04 
30.74 


84.67 
64.85 
83.71 


65.70 
50 33 
&4.95 


516.9 
373.4 
550.4 


$8.78 
6.74 
8.68 


$0.41 
.30 
.44 


$0.09 

-.36 

.63 


$9.28 
6.68 
9.75 


$5.24 


9, 


Natasqua 65598 


3.39 


3 


Exile's Lulu 49984 


6.10 


4 


Albert's Gem 34006 


506.3 


24.21 


30.27 


73 71 


57.19 


440.9 


7.64 


.35 


.95 


8.94 


5.08 


5 


Trist3ka,';S.S32 


454.3 


20.67 


25,84 


65.04 


50.26 


395.5 


6.72 


.33 


— 23 


6.81 


3.11 


6 


Little Goldie 38671 


563.1 


25.30 


31.63 


79.58 


61,74 


-190.3 


8.25 


.39 


.59 


9,23 


5. 37 


7 




588.2 
448.2 


27.85 
21.21 


34.81 
26.51 


84.37 
65.96 


65,47 
51.17 


513.3 
390.3 


8.75 
6.84 


.41 
.31 


.41 
1.35 


9.57 
8.50 


5,84 


8 


Justa Pogis 648(;:^. 


4.. 58 


9 


Gay Ori)han 35985 


422.3 


33.77 


38.47 


63.45 


49,21 


367.0 


6.57 


.29 


.72 


7.. 58 


3.62 


10 


Sayda 3d 17317' 


524.4 
509.3 


23.21 
24.18 


29.01 
30.23 


73.25 

74.27 


56.83 
57.62 


456.7 
443,5 


7.59 
7.70 


.37 
.35 


.00 
.18 


7.96 
8.23 


3 84 


11 


Pearl of Riverside 556.59. . 


4.26 


1^ 


Lorita 33750 


444.7 
526' 9 


21.43 
22.56 


26.79 
28.20 


63.53 
71.33 


49.31 
55.33 


3S7.5 
4,58.9 


6,59 
7.39 


.31 


.41 

.81 


7. 31 
8 .57 


3 35 


18 


Flora Temple 3d 40086 . . . 


4 67 


14 


Brown Bessie 74997 


639.1 


38.04 


35.05 


88,24 


68.47 


556.6 


9.14 


.05 


9 64 


5.46 


l.'S 


Lily Martin 4995i 


573.4 


31.65 


27.06 


74.56 


57,86 


499.4 


7.73 


.40 


2.20 


10.33 


6 84 


10 


Aiiuice Magnet 60356 


492.8 


33.24 


29.05 


70.18 


54,45 


429.1 


7.27 


.34 


-.14 


7.47 


3 40 


i; 


Huiio's Countess 68394 . . . 


628.4 


26.21 


32.77 


86 35 


66.91 


547.3 


8.94 


.44 


.72 


10.10 


5,96 


IS 


Ida Marigold 32615 


673 6 


28.07 


35 09 


91.40 


70,93 


.586.6 


9.47 


.47 


1.2C 


11.20 


6,97 


19 


Daisy Hinman 61537 


444.2 


21.56 


26.95 


63.94 


49,61 


386.8 


6.64 


.31 


.31 


7.26 


3,41 


ao 


Merry Maiden 64949 


624.6 


30.73, 


38,43 


90.32 


70,07 


543.8 


9.36 


.44 


.81 


10 61 


a.m 


21 


Pretty Marchioness 62569. 


432.6 


18.25 


22.81 


59.00 


45 77 


376.6 


6.13 


.30 


63 


7.05 


3,;-o 


aa 


Signal Queen 30S69 


581.0 


24.03 


30.04 


78.56 


60,97 


605.9 


8 14 


40 


1.94 


10.48 


6.s; 


23 


Grace Pansy 2d 18764 


419.3 


20.64 


25.80 


60.58 


46 98 


365.2 


6.28 


.29 


1,08 


7.65 


3 79 


24 


Princess Honoria 63548. . . 


488.2 


23.78 


38.48 


70.58 


54.75 


435.1 


7.31 


.34 


— .23 


7 42 


3.SS 


25 


Baroness Argyle 40498. . . . 

Totals 

Total values 


656.9 
13296.4 


28.39 
602.01 


35.49 


90.09 


69.90 


571.9 


9.34 


.46 


.54 


10.34 


6.12 




752.56 


1871.41 


1451.76 


11578.5 












$193.98 


$9.26 


$14.73 


$317.96 


«il9.8:3 




1 


10938.6 


488.42 


610.53 


1503.80 


1130,62 


9666.7 




GnERNSET ( Totals ! 








H 
















$135.22 


$7.73 


$21.60 


$164.55 


$88.30 




12186.9 


436.60 


545.75 






108.38.9 ! 




Shokt-Hokn \ Totals 


1544,28 


1077.60 












■ 


Ierd. I Total values. . . ' 












1 


140.14 


.*.8.C7 


$31.9! 


.-180.73 


?8i..3r. 



THE JERSEY" HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



35 



RECORDS OF ALL COWS COMPETING IN TEST NO. 1 (CHEESE), ARRANGED IN ORDER OP MERIT, 

SHOWING NET PROFIT OF EACH COW. 






Name. 



Bkeed. 



Owner. 



Amount Products. 



3 ^ 



VaitjeProducts 



^2o 



Stimmart. 






1st. 

2d. 

3d. 

4th. 

5th. 

6th. 

7th. 

8th. 

9th. 
10th. 
11th. 
12th. 
13th. 
14th. 
15th. 
16th. 
17th. 
18th. 
19th. 
20th. 

2l8t. 

22d. 
23cl. 
24th. 
25th. 
26th. 
27th. 
28th. 
29th. 
30th. 

3l8t. 

32d. 
33d. 
34th. 
35th. 
36th. 
37th. 
38th. 
39th. 
40th. 
41st. 
42d. 
43d. 
44th. 
45th. 
46th. 
.47th. 
48th. 
49th. 
50th. 
51st. 
52d. 
53d. 
54th, 
55th. 
56th. 
57th. 
58th. 
59th. 
60th. 
61st. 
62d. 
63d. 
64th. 
65th, 
6Bth. 
67th. 
68th. 
69th, 
70th. 
71st. 
72d. 
73d. 
74th. 
75th, 



Ida Marigold .32615 'Jersey I 

Merry Maiden 64949 Jersey ] 

Lily Martin 499.54 I Jersey 

Signal Queen 30869 [Jersey 

Nora ' Short-Horn 

Baroness Argyle 40498. . . 'Jersey 

Exile's Lulu 49984 1 Jersey 

Hugo's Countess 68394. Jersey 

Alteration 56436 Jersey . . . 

Betsey 7th ! Short-Horn 

Brown Bessie 74997 'Jersey 

Little Goldie 38671 Jersey 

Genevieve Short-Horn 

Sweet Ada Guernsey . . 

Sheba Rex 47429 Jersey 

Albert's Gem 34006 [Jersey 

JAmanda Guernsey . . 

iMaterna Guernsey . . 

Select 8th Guernsey . . 

Flora Temple 3d 40086. . . Jersey 

Rosette 5th Guernsey . . 

Jeweler's Jessie Guernsey . . 

Justa Pogis 64863 Jersey 

Kitty Clay 7th i Short-Horn 

Ethics of Cornwall i Guernsey . . 

'Pearl of Riverside 55659. 1 Jersey 

iBashf ul 2d Short- Horn 

Fancy 11th 'Short-Horn 

Lottie C. 2d : Guernsey . . 

Marchioness 6th 'Short-Horn 

Sayda 3d 17317 [Jersey 

Princess Honoria 62548. . I Jersey 

Grace Pansy 2d 18764 ' Jer-ey 

Bella of the Touillets '< Guernsey . . 

Gay Orphan 25985 'Jersey 

Butterfly 3d 1 Short-Hom 

Emma Abbott 3d I Short-Horn 



Guernsey 
Guernsey 
Guernsey 
Jersey . . . 
Jersey . . . 
Guernsey 



Memie 

Jane Ash 

Honor 

Daisy Hinman 61537. 
Annice Magnet 60256 

Miua 3d 

Lorita 33750 Jersey 

Pretty Marchioness 62569[ Jersey 

Natasqua 65598 Jersey 

Daisy Flower | Guernsey . . 

Panacea iGuernsey . . 

Iza iShort-Hom 

Prudie 3d iGuernsey . . 

Countess Cora ' Guernsey . . 

Waterloo Daisy i Short-Horn 

Tristeka 28332 ' Jt'rsey 

Orange Girl Sliort-Hom 

Martha Scott ] Guernsey . . 

Ovation i Guernsey . . 

Fillpail 9th 'Short-Horn 

Azalea i Short-Horn 

Short-Horn 
Guernsey . . 
Short-Horn 
Guernsey . . 
Short-Horn 
Guernsey . . 
Guernsey . . 
Short-Horn 
Short-Horn 
Short-Horn 
Short-Horn 
Short-Horn 
Short-Horn 
Guernsey . . 
Guernsey . . 
Short-H orn 
Short-Horn 



Fillpail 8th. 

Lawn Tennis 

Plumwood Belle . . . 
Lady of Ellerslie . . . 

Belle Price 

Miss Cowslip 

Claudia 

Maid of Oxford 2d . 

Rosa 

Lucy Ann 

Oxford Bloom 8th. . 

Royal Duchess 

Maid of Oxford 3d. 

jAldine 

[Rosabella 

'Christata 

Maud's Antarctic... 



C. A. Sweet 

0. & C. T.Graves.... 

M. C. Campbell 

Frank Euo 

D. Sheehan & Sons .. 

E. S. Henry 

C. I. Hudson 

D. L. Heiusheimer .. . 

W. E. Matthews 

Flora V. Spencer 

H. C. Taylor 

C. I. Hood 

W. W. Waltmire 

John M. Eddy 

T. A. Havemeyer 

F. A. Schermerhorn . . 

Jas. Logan Fisher 

N. K. I'airbank 

! Francis Shaw 

Frederic Bronsou 

Levi P. Morton 

Francis Shaw 

Ky. Agr. Exp. Station 
Flora V. Spencer 

G. Howard Davison.. 

H. A. Huntington 

William Miller 

J. S. Thornton & Son 

Joseph Evans 

■T. Ballantyne 

E. Brewer 

Fred'k Billings Estate 

George V. Green 

Francis Shaw 

Ky. Agr. Exp. Station 
Emory Cobb 

1. U. Wetniore 

GvorgeC. Hill & Son. 

Vv' alter Cutting 

Edward Norton 

Ayer & McKinuey . . . 

John Boyd 

LtviP. Morton 

iC. A. Sweet 

[Waiter W. Law 

T. A. Havemeyer 

S. L. Hoxie 

J. R. Scott 

A. Morse 

Clover Ridge Farm.. . 
Francis Shaw 

F. Martindale 

C. S.Taylor 

E. G. Meriwether 

Alexander Scott 

A. J. Cassatt 

Flora V. Spencer 

A. Morse 

Flora V. Spencer 

Silas Betts 

Christian Hintz 

Levi P. Morton 

D. Sheehan tt Sons . . 

E. F. Bowditch 

James Logan Fisher. . 

A. Morse 

Penu. Reform School. 

Flora V. Spencer 

Arthur Gibson 

J. F. Davis 

A. Morse 

Ezra Michener 

Levi P. Morton 

John M. Sterr 

B B. Overmeyer 



lbs. 
673.6 
624.6 
573.4 
581. 
663.1 
656.9 
632. 
628.4 
588.2 
483, 
639,1 



lbs. I lbs. 



70 92 

70.07 

57.86 

60.97 

60.56 

69.90 

64.95 

66.91 

65.47 

42.94 

68,47 
563,lj61.74 
685,2|59.13 
535. I54,05;472 
593,4 65,70 516.9 
506. 3157. 191410. 9 



.586.6 
543,8 
.4 
505,9 
590, 
571,9 
550,4 
547.3 
512.3 
429.6 
556.6 
490.31 
609.4 



482,2|52.56 
597,262,01 
545.656,35 
526.955,33 



426,2 

.527,7 
482,2 
4.58.9 



582.8 56,54 515. 



455.4145.68 
448.2151.17 
437.8137.79 
494. 150.66 
509.3'57.62 
658. 158.32 
429.141,61 



461,2 
1 540, 5 
:524,4 



46,28 
48.64 
56.82 



488 2 54.75 
419. 3146. 98 
407.6,40.88 
'422.3149.21 
499.8 41.78 



522.1 

429. 

.360,7 

418.3 

444.2 



44.77 
47.57 
39.40 
41.21 
49,61 



W, 8^54. 45 
398.2 



402.4 

390,3 

389,8 

4;36,6 

443.5 

585.2 

381.6 

407.6 

4e9.7 

456.7 

425.1 

365.2 

360.3 

36' 

444.6 

463,4 

379 

318,8 

369.6 

:386.8 

429,1 



444.7 

432.6 

'429,2 

! 408,1 

'373.2 

446.3 

,391.2 

406,3 

714.4 

454.3 

433.4 

372.5 

416.2 

367.7 

495. 

307.2 



441. 
423. 
i527. 
393. 
328.9 



39.96|351.9 
49.81 !387. 5 
45.77 376.6 



50.33 

42.43 

.39.36 

.39.82 

38.87 

42,38 

64.05 

50.26 

38.24 

37,88 

42.11 

35.65 

44, .54 

27,71 

41.56 

41.40 

47,47 

44,941469,6 

40,371347.4 

45,041379,1 
442.5136.82,393 
439.7j.36.31i391.1 
468. |41. 57(416. 3 
407,9:36.35 362.8 
466.7I39.73J415.1 
449.5 37.40131 
389. 140. 76!. 343. 8 
375.3 39.24 331.6 
440.9 41.13.392 2 
420. '36.42 373 5 



373.4 

360 

329.8 

396.9 

345.7 

359.1 

635.4 

395.5 

385.5 

329.3 

36' 

32 

440.3 

273.2 

348.2 

392.2 

374.4 



lbs. 
28 
18 
49 
43 
56 
12 
14 
16 

9 
66 

1 

13 
34 
37 

2 
21 
21 

7 

20 
18 
14 
42 
30 
57 
21 

4 

8 
60 
28 
49 


— 5 
24 
35 
16 
57 
19 
17 
38 
25 

7 

-3 

31 

9 

14 

—8 

17 

29 

32 

23 

16 

—21 

-5 

30 

27 

17 

36 



J.9.47 
9.36 
7.73 
8,14 
7,88 
9,34 
8.68 
8.94 
8,75 
5.58 
9.14 
8,25 
7,69 
6,47 
6,78 
7,64 
6,29 
7,42 
6.74 
7,39 
6.75 
5.46 
6.84 
4,91 
6.06 
7.70 
7,59 
5.41 
5.53 
6. 32 
7.59 
7.31 
6.28 
4 

I 6.57 
' 5.43 
5.82 
5.69 
4,71 
4.93 
6.64 
7.27 
4.78 
6.59 
6.12 
6.74 
*^.07 
4.71 
5.18 
4.65 
5.07 
8.33 
6.72 
4.97 
4.53 
5.04 
4.64 
5.79 
3.61 
4.97 
5.38 
5. 
5. 

4.83 
5 39 
4 
4.72 
5.41 
4.73 
5.17 
4 
4 87 
4.69 
5.. 35 
4.74 



1.47 
.44 
.40 
.40 
.47 
,46 
.44 
.44; 
.41 
.34 
.45 
.39 
.49 
.38 
.41 
.35 
.34 
.42 
.39 
.37 
.41 
.32 
.31 
.31 
.35 
.35 
.47 
.31 
.33 
..39 
.37 
.34 
.29 
.29 
.29 
.36 
.37 
.30 
.25 
.30 
.31 
,34 
,28 
.31 
.30 
.CO 
.29 
.26 
.32 
.28 
.29 
.51 
.32 
.31 
.26 
.29 
.26 
.35 
.22 
.28 
.31 
.30 
.38 
.28 
.30 
.31 
.31 
.33 
.29 
.33 
.32 
.27 
27 

'.h 

,30 



$1.20ll$11.20 

-■"10.61 

10.33 

10.48 

10,87 

10,34 

9,75 

10.10 

9,57 

8.89 

0,64 

9.23 

9.71 

8.52 

9.28 

8.94 

7.58 

8.15 

8.03 

8.57 

7,79 

7,67 

8.50 

7,79 

7,35 

8,23 

8.42 

8.42 

7.12 

8.91 



2.20 

1.94 

2.52 

.54 

.63 

.72 

.41 

2.97 

.05 

.59' 

1..53 

1.67 

,09 

.95 

.95 

,31 

,90 

.81 

,63 

1.89 

1.35 

2.57 

.94 

.18 

.36 

2.70 

1,26 

2.20 



— ,23 

1 

1.58 

.72 

2,57 



1,71 

1,13 

.31 

— .14 
1.40 

.41 
.63 

— .36 
.76 

1.30 

1.44 

1,04 

.7.3 

— .94 
-.23 

1.35 

1.22 

.76 

1,62 



1.12 

-,50 

,49 

,50 

-.18 

1.08 

.68 

.49 

1.89 

1.40 

.90 

-.09 

.13 

— .77 

— .18 



7.42 
7.65 
6.76 
7.58 
8.36 
7.05 
6.75 
6.6' 
6. 36 
7.26 
7.47 
6.46 
7.31 
7.05 
6.08 
6.12 
6.27 
6.94 
5.97 
6.09 
7.90 
6.81 
6.63 
6.01 
6.09 
6.52 
6.41 
6.62 
8.05 
6.81 
5.48 
6.71 
5.61 
5.51 



?4 23 
4.05 
3.99 
4.14 
4,60 
4.22 
3.65 
4.14 
3,73 
3.26 
4.18 
3.86 
4.43 
3.25 
4,04 
3 

2,52 
3,33 
3.24 
3.90 
3.13 
3.08 
3.92 
3.29 
3.01 
3,97 
4,35 
4.37 
3.08 
4.98 
4.12 
3.60 
3.86 
3.10 
3.96 
4.76 
3.47 
3.19 
3.13 
2.94 
3.85 
4,07 
3.08 
3,96 
3,75 
3,. 39 
2,91 
3,08 
3,74 
2.82 
2,94 
4 

3.70 
3.60 
3.00 
3.08' 
3.51 
3,43 
3,661 
3,15! 
3,941 
2.681 
3,93 
3.13 
3.07 
6,18 3.77 
5,71 3. .31 
6.23 3.90 
6.91' 4.58 
6.90' 4.01 
6.08, 3.81 
5.05 3.13 
5.09 3.18 
4.89 3.50 
4.86 3.78 



S6.97 
6.56 
6.34 
6.34 
6.27 
6.12 
6.10 
5.96 
5.8-1 
5.63 
5.46 
5.-37 
5.28 
5.27 
5.24 
5.08 
5.06 
4.82 
4.79 
4.67 
4.66 
4.59 
4 58 
4 52 
4,34 
4,26 
4,07 
4 05 
4,04 
3,93 
3,84 
3,82 
3.79 
3.66 
3.62 
3.60 
3.58 
3.56 
3 .54 
3.42 
3.41 
3.40 
3.38 
3.35 
3.30 
3.29 
3,21 
3.19 
3.17 
3.15 
3,15 
3.12 
3.11 
3 03 
3.01 
3 01 
3.01 
2.98 
2,96 
2 90 
2.87 
2.80 
2,79 
2.48 
2.44 
2 41 
2 40 
2 33 
2.. 33 
2.29 
2 27 
1.92 
1.91 
1.39 
1.08 



26 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

i 



INDIVIDUAL YIELDS OF JERSEY COWS IN TEST NO. i.— CHEESE. 

cows THAT MILKED 44 I.BS. OR OVER IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS. 



Ida Marigold 32615 Fourteen times : 44.5 lbs., 45.6 lbs., 45.4 lbs., 44.4 lbs., 

46.4 lbs., 44.7 lbs., 46.7 lbs., 45.3 lbs., 44.8 lbs., 
46.1 lbs., 44.6 lbs., 45.2 lbs., 44 lbs. and 45.3 lbs. 

Baroness Argyle 40498 Seven times: 44 lbs., 45.3 lbs., 44.9 lbs., 44.7 lbs., 

44.8 lbs., 44 lbs. and 45.7 lbs. 

Brown Bessie 74997- -- Once : 45.4 lbs. 

Hugo's Countess 68394 " 44.8 " 

Exile's Lulu 49984 Twice : 44.5 lbs. and 44.6 lbs. 



FIVE HIGHEST AVERAGE DAILY MILKINGS IN TEST NO. I. 



Ida Marigold 32615 44.9 lbs. 

Baroness Argyle 40498 43.8 " 

Brown Bessie 74997.. 42.6 " 



Exile's Lulu 49984 42.1 lbs. 

Hugo's Countess 68394 41.9 " 



Merry Maiden 64949 38.42 lbs. in 15 days 

Baroness Argyle 40498 35-49 " " 

Ida Marigold 32615 3509 " " 



FIVE cows HIGHEST IN BUTTER IN TEST NO. I. 

Estiynated butter at 80$ oil, from fat in milk. 

Brown Bessie 74997 -3 5- 05 lbs. in 15 days. 



Sheba Rex 47429 35-0I 



cows MAKING 2.) ^ LBS. OF BUTTER OR OVER PER DAY IN TEST NO. I. 

Estimated butter at 80% oil, from fat in milk. 

Hugo's Countess 68394 Twice : 2.95 lbs. and 2.71 lbs. 

Sheba Rex 47429 Four times : 2.54 lbs., 2.52 lbs., 2.50 lbs. and 2.74 lbs. 

Merry Maiden 64949 Twelve times: 2.69 lbs., 2.58 lbs., 2.50 lbs., 2.82 lbs., 

2.67 lbs., 2.67 lbs., 2.64 lbs., 2.61 lbs., 2.52 lbs., 
2.51 lbs., 2.64 lbs. and 2.50 lbs. 

Brown Bessie 74997 ..Twice : 2.67 lbs, and 2.54 lbs. 

Baroness Argyle 40498 . " 2.51 lbs. and 2.65 lbs. 

Alteration 56436 " 2.50 lbs. and 2.51 lbs. 

Ida Marigold 32615 Three times : 2.50 lbs., 2.50 lbs. and 2.55 lbs. 

HIGHEST day's YIELD OF MILK. 

Ida Marigold 32615 46,7 lbs. 

HIGHEST day's YIELD OF BUTTER. 

Hugo's Countess 6S394 2.95 lbs. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 
YIELDS OF JERSEY COWS FOR FIVE DAYS PRELIMINARY TO TEST NO. 2. 



37 



Name and No. of Cow. 


Total Milk. 


Estimated 
Butter, 
80% Oil. 


Total Solids 
Not Fat. 


Estimated 
Name and No. of Cow. Total Milk. Butter, 

80^ Oil. 


Total Solids 
Not Fat. 


Sheba Rex 47429 


lbs. 
186.3 
1.37.3 
300.4 
171.6 
148,6 
194,9 
199.2 
147.7 
1.33 6 
182 8 
163.7 
146.8 
180.7 


lbs. 

11.014 
9.063 
9.073 

10.463 
8.413 

10.975 

11 713 
9.035 
9.2.50 
9.788 
9.562 
8.738 
9 526 


lbs. 
17.80 
13.38 
18.64 
15.45 
14 13 
18. 33 
18.71 
14.85 
13.63 
17.60 
16.36 
14.03 
16,80 

309.50 


Brought forward 

Brown Bessie 74997 

Lily Martin 49954 

Annice Magnet 60356 

Hugo's Countess 68394. . . 

Ida Marigold 33615 

Daisy Hinman 61537. . . . 
Merry Maiden 64949. .. 
Romp's Princess 51185.. . 

Signal Queen 30869 

Grace Pansy 2d 18764. . . . 
Princess Honoria 63548. . 
Baroness Argyle 40498. .. 


lbs. 
2193.4 
209.7 
206.9 
170.3 
206.5 
221.5 
145.4 
303.0 
169.6 
193.6 
1.36.8 
156.8 
211.6 


lbs. 

136.603 

11.899 

9.713 
10.089 
10.774 
11.688 

8 635 
13.525 
10.812 
10.425 

8 899 

9.899 
11.575 


lbs. 
209 50 


Nataequa 65598 


19 64 


Exile's Lulu 499*4 

Albert's Gem 34006 

Islip Lenox 31703 

Little Goldie 38671 

Alteration 56436 


19 26 
17.35 
19.53 
21.00 
13 68 


Justa Poo'is 64863 


19 23 


Gay Orphan 25985 

Sayda 3d 17317 


15.96 
18 35 


Pearl of Riverside 55659.. 
Lorita 33750 


13.00 
15 16 


Flora Temple 3d 40086. . . 


19.74 


Forward 


3193.4 1 136.603 


Totals for Herd 


4424.1 


253.524 


431.40 



INDIVIDUAL YIELDS OF JERSEY COWS IN FIVE DAYS PRELIMINARY TO TEST NO. 

cows MILKIN(i 44 LBS. OR OVER IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS. 

Ida Marigold 32615 Four times : 44.6 lbs., 44.3 lbs., 44.9 lbs. and 44.6 lbs. 

Baroness Argyle 40498 ..Once : 44.5 lbs. 

COWS MAKING 2)3 LBS. OF BUTTER OR OVER PER DAY. 

Estimated butter , 80% oil, based upon fat in milk. 



Sheba Rex 47429.- --. Once: 2.55 lbs. 

Albert's Gem 34006- - " 2.52 " 

Brown Bessie 74997-. " 2.70 " 

Ida Marigold 32615.. " 2.56 " 



Merry Maiden 64949 Twice : 2.71 lbs., 2.77 lbs. 

Romp's Princess 5iiS5..0nce : 2.57 lbs. 
Signal Queen 30869 " 257 " 



HIGHEST MILK YIELD IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS. 

Ida Marigold 32615 44.9 lbs. 

HIGHEST BUTTER YIELD I.N TWENTY-FOUR HOURS. 

Merry Maiden 64949 --2.77 lbs. 



Iti these five days the yield is not as great as in the fifteen days of the cheese test preceding, or in 
the ninety days' test immediately following, as in these five days I made material changes in the feed. 
Comparing the feed for the fifteen days of the cheese test with the first fifteen days of the ninety days' 
test, I increased the linseed oil meal 86.82 lbs., middlings 1243.29 lbs., and added cream gluten 709 lbs., 
or a total of 2039.11 lbs. increase to the herd. I cut off corn meal altogether, 1004.4 lbs. of corn-hearts, 
402.87 lbs. of bran, 348.35 lbs. of ground oats and 403.52 lbs. of cotton-seed, a total of 2759.15 lbs., or a 
net decrease of 720.04 lbs. Under this change in feed the Jerseys maintained their flow of milk, increased 
the fat in milk, and decreased the solids other than butter fat, the result sought. 



I 



.38 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION 



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•I-l^-ll-lOll^!l^^c^SJOJ 



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40 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



RECORDS OF JERSEY COWS AND GUERNSEY AND SHORT-HORN HERDS IN TEST NO. 2-90 DAYS' TEST. 



Jekseys. 


M 




S 
1 
o 

00 






Value of 
Productt). 


^ o o 

£5 


.ss 


o 
o 
O 

o 

O 


^S 


I5 


Name and. Herd 
Register No. of Cow. 


i 


fc 


3° 


1 


Sheba Rex 47439 

Natasqua 65598 


lbs. 
.3383.3 
3463.9 
3334.5 
2666.4 
3070.0 
3384.1 
1 *583.9 
"(3531.8 
2745 3 
2175.9 
3043 1 
2653.7 
2330.3 
3038 2 
3634 
3520.3 

2064 

3543.9 
3448.3 
2677.8 
3041.2 
2984.4 
3190.6 
2344.4 
2690.4 
3266.2 


lbs. 
156.83 
132.89 
138.61 
136.43 
146.46 
145.22 
*28 87 
119.16 
129.70 
114.21 
139.93 
132.27 
120.64 
145.45 
178.12 
135.11 
( 76.14 1 
1 *32.06 \ 
157.85 
164.28 
127.63 
164.81 
154 97 
136.30 
121.03 
131.19 
159.93 


lbs. 

190.617 

161.522 

168.538 

165.777 

178.066 

176.394 

*35.648 

144.231 

157.697 

138.973 

170.094 

160.804 

146.619 

176.751 

216.640 

164.237 

119.284 

191.894 
103.756 
155.131 
200 517 
188 373 
165.601 
147.009 
159.447 
194.400 


lbs. 

286.445 

222.695 

279.941 

239.386 

273.473 

285.627 

*50.948 

273.354 

249.029 

193.581 

268.253 

341.561 

306.176 

264.631 

316.936 

299.292 

181 114 

314.484 
298.656 
3.33.960 
367.459 
263.423 
276.810 
208.580 
240.038 
282.145 


lbs. 
300.43 
233.59 
293.70 
251.11 
286.87 
298.80 
*53.12( 
253.13 f 
261.17 
202.92 
281.39 
353.34 
216.27 
277.60 
332.41 
313.92 

190 09 

329.85 
313 26 
244.35 
280.67 
276.32 
290.34 
218.99 
251.79 
295.97 

6689.26 
*6781.53 


S83.620 
70.441 
74.531 
72.523 
78. 362 
77.776 

78.737 

69.505 
60.878 
74.910 
70 574 
64.059 
77.495 
95.104 
73.137 

52.160 

84.752 
87.782 
68.104 
87.377 
82.289 
73.187 
64 240 
70.053 
85.075 


$58,775 
49.363 
50.737 
49.157 
54.383 
53.741 

56.111 

46.756 
41.608 
51.640 
46.801 
43.703 
53.080 
69.593 
47.981 

31.584 

59.360 
60.657 
45,880 
63.986 
58.855 
48.810 
41.895 
47.154 
58.663 


$61,610 
50.983 
52 537 
53.567 
59.243 
55.181 

56.111 

49.816 
39.358 
50.695 
49.051 
39.508 
56.500 
73.238 
50.996 

31.134 

60.745 
64.167 
46.060 
64.536 
59.035 
50.430 
41.220 
48.279 
60.103 


$0 013 
010 
.011 
.011 
.012 
.012 

013 

.010 
.009 
.011 
.010 
.010 
.012 
.014 
.011 

.008 

.013 
.013 
.010 
.013 
.012 
.011 
.010 
.010 
.013 


$61,597 
50.973 


3 

4 
5 
6 

7 

8 
9 


Exile's Lulu 49984 

Albert's Gem 34006 

Islip Lenox 31703 

Little Goldie 38671 

Alteration 56436 

Justa Pogis 64863 

Gay Orphan 25985 

Sayda 3d 17317 


53.536 
53 556 
59.831 
55.169 

56.099 

49 806 
39.349 

50 684 


11 

13 
13 
14 
15 

16 

17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
32 
23 
24 
25 


Pearl of Riverside 55659 

Lorita 33750 

Flora Temple 3d 40086. . 
Brown Bessie 74997. . . . 
Lily Martin 49954 

Annice Magnet 60256. . . 

Hugo's Countess 68394. . 

Ida Marigold 33615 

Daisy Hinman 61537 

Merry Maiden 64949 

Romp's Princess 51185. . 

Signal Q,ueen 30869 

Grace Pansy 2d 18764. 
Princess Honoria 62548 . 
Baroness Argyle 40498 . . 


49.041 
39.498 
56.488 
73.334 
50.985 

31.126 

60.732 
64.154 
46.050 
64.. 513 
59 023 
50.419 
41.210 
48.369 
60.090 


Totals 


( 73904 9 

1 *73488.8 


3465.15 
*3516.08 


4238.362 
*4274.010 


6414.101 
*6465.049 




















Total values . 


$1876.671 


$1389.173 


$1324.093 


$0,381 


$1333.812 












5621.80 
*5715.72 


Gttehnset j Totals 


( 60768.5 
1 *61781.7 


2736.45 
*27&4.56 


3;303..590 
*3360.431 


5501.438 






















^^°- 1 Total values. . 




$1465.464 


$981,333 


$997,748 


$0,109 


$997,639 












6015.22 


Shokt-Horn ( Totals 


66263.3 


2409.97 


2890.869 


5750.83 








I 


Ierd. j Total values.. 


S1286.789 


$785,000 


$911,135 


$1,018 


$910,117 















* Amounts credited to sick cows " off the test," under Rule 10, or the totals where such credit is added. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



41 



The following is the ranking of the 74 cows of all breeds that took part in the test, from two 
standpoints — Column i, with increase of live weight added, as provided by the rules of the test; and 
Column 2, without increase of live weight being taken into consideration: 

EECOEDS OF ALL COWS IN TEST NO. 2-90 DAYS' TEST. 



(1) 



Columbian Rules, 
With Live Weight. 



(2) 



Dairyman's Rules, 
Without Live Weight. 



Breed. 



6 




«4-l 
. 


r. 


^2 


^S3 


Ol 

w 


fL, 


0^ 



Breed. 



(1, continued.) 

Columbian Rules, 
With Lite Weight. 



Breed. 



(2, continued.) 

Dairyman's Rules, 
Without Live Weight. 



^'^ 



Breed. 



Jersey . . . 



Guernsey. 
Jersey . . . 



Guernsey. . . 

Jersey 

Short-Horn . 
Jersey 



Guernsey. . . 
Short-Horn . 
Guernsey. . . 
Jersey 



Short-Horn. 



Jersey 

Short-Horn . . 

Jersey 

Short-Horn . . 
GuemgeJ^ . . . 



Short-Horn 

Gtiernsey 1 23 

" 112 



* Sick 



S73.224! 
64.513 
64.154 
61.59T 
60.7.32 
60,090 
59.231 
59.023 
57.822 
56.717 
56.488 
56.099 
55.169 
55.039 
53.556 
52.634 
52.526 
50.985 
50 973 
50.684 
50.419 
50 284 
50.264 
50.172 
49.806 
49 041 
48.691 
48 4.50 
48.269 
47.196 
46.050 
46 002 
45.941 
45.079 
44.880 
44.618 
44.005 



Jersey. 1 14 

20 

" [IS 

' 17 

31 

1 

; 25 



10 



8 Guernsey j 15 

9 Jersey 1 7 

Guernsey i 25 

11 Jersey..' j 5 

12 I " i 6 

13 I " ... 1 13 

14 iGuemsey ' 24 

15 j Jersey ' 10 

16 '.Guernsey 1 7 

17 'jersey 3 

18 ! Guernsey [ 8 

Jersey 3 

" ' 4 

22 

1 

15 
20 
25 
24 
11 

8 
14 
21 
19 
15 
12 
23 
12 
20 

2 



19 
20 

21 j " 

22 Guernsey... 

23 Jersey 

24 Short-Horn 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 



Jersey. 



Short-Horn . 



Jersey 

Short-Horn . 

33 1 Guernsey 

34 

35 [Jersey 

36 iGuernsey.... 



;69 579 

63 973 

60.644 

59.247 

58 843 

58.762 

58.650 

58.407 

56.099 

55.682 

54.371 

53.729 

53.068 

52.474 

51.620 

50.959 

50.726 

49.497 

49.3.53 

49 146 

48.799 

48.461 

47.970 

47 459 

47.376 

47.144 

40.791 

46.746 

46.711 

46.529 

45.870 

45.735 

43 060 

42 773 

42 693 

42.344 

42.064 



38 Guernsey 

39 Short-Horn.. 

40 Jersey 

41 Short-Horn . . 

42 Guernsey 

43 " 

44 Jersey 

45 1 " 

46 Short-Horn.. 

47 I 
48 

49 I 

50 Guernsey. . . 

51 I 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 



Short-Horn. 
Guernsey. . . 

Short-Horn. 

Guernsey. . . 
Short-Horn . 
Guernsey. . . 
Short-Horn. 
Guernsey. . . 



♦Jersey 

Short -Horn . 
Guernsey. . . 

Short- Horn 
Guernsey. . . 

Short-Horn . . 



41,832 

41.210 

41 . 128 

40.845 

39.899 

39.498 

39.349 

39.168 

38.784 

37.675 

35.710 

35.. 501 

35.313 

35.231 

35.183 

34.712 

34.456 

34,271 

34.204 

33.903 

33.580 

33.579 

33.288 

33.04 

32.05 

31.126 

30.108 

30.037 

29.769 

29.663 

29.039 

28.680 

28.266 

28.00 

26. 39 

24,736 



38 Jersey. 



Short-Horn ., 
[Guernsey 



Short-Horn . 

Guernsey. . . 

Short-Horn . 
Guernsey — 



Short-Horn . 

Guernsey 

Short-Horn . 
Guernsey..., 



Jersey 

ShortHom . 
Guernsey — 
Short-Horn . 



Guernsey.... 

Short-Horn . 
Guernsey... . 
Short-Horn . 
Guernsey — 
Short-Horn . 



W 



23 S41.885 
9 I 41.599 
40.215 
39.855 
38.054 
38.037 
36.133 
35,501 
35.313 
35.200 
34 286 
33.948 
33.834 
33.736 
33.642 
33.182 
32,859 
32.282 
31.576 
30.888 
30.572 
30.310 
29.918 
29.724 
29.587 
29.238 
29.039 
28.585 
27.555 
26.621 
25.877 
23.903 
23.867 
23.541 
22,818 
19.062 
18.481 



10 



I 



42 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



INDIVIDUAL YIELDS OF JERSEYS IN TEST NO. 2—90 DAYS. 



No. of Times. Yield in 24 Hours, 

Brown Bessie 74997 - Two : 44.5, 44.7 lbs. 

Lily Martin 49954 One : 44.0 lbs. 



cows MILKING OVER 44 LBS. IN THE MONTH OF JUNE. 

No. of Times. Yield in 24 Hours. 
Hugo's Countess 68394-Three: 44.4, 44.8, 44.2 lbs. 
Ida Marigold 32615 One: 45.3 lbs. 



Highest day's milking, Ida Marigold 32615, 45.3 lbs. 

cows AVERAGING OVER 40 LBS. IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS IN THE MONTH OF JUNE. 



Total Milk. Daily Average. 

Brown Bessie 74997 1213.2 lbs 40.44 lbs. 

Lily Martin 49954 1219.2 lbs. 40.64 " 



Total Milk. Daily Average. 
Hugo's Countess 68394-. .-1217. 5 Ibs-. ..40.58 lbs. 



cow MILKING OVER 42 LBS. IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS IN JULY. 

Brown Bessie 74997... Three times : 43.0 lbs., 42.6 lbs. and 43.6 lbs. 

Highest day's yield, 43.6 lbs. 

cows AVERAGING OVER 39 LBS. FOR JUNE AND JULY. 

Total Daily Average | Total Daily Average 

Milk. for 61 Days. Milk. for 61 Days. 

Brown Bessie 74997 2443.6 lbs 40-05 lbs. | Hugo's Countess 68394 2401.3 lbs 39-36 lbs. 

Lily Martin 49954 2409.0 lbs 39-49 " ' 

cows MILKING 40 LBS. OR OVER IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS IN AUGUST. 

Brown Bessie 74997 Twenty-four times : 40.8 lbs., 42.3 lbs., 41.6 lbs., 41.4 lbs., 41.4 lbs., 

41.2 lbs., 42.6 lbs., 42.1 lbs., 42.8 lbs., 41.2 lbs., 41.4 lbs., 42.2 lbs., 
40.1 lbs., 41.7 lbs., 43.5 lbs., 43.8 lbs., 41.3 lbs., 43 lbs., 43.7 lbs., 
41 lbs., 43.5 lbs., 43.7 lbs., 42.7 lbs., 40.9 lbs. 

Lily Martin 49954 ...Once ; 40.1 lbs. 

Hugo's Countess 68394 Eleven times : 41.0 lbs., 40.5 lbs., 40.8 lbs., 41.6 lbs., 41.4 lbs., 

43.4 lbs., 41. 1 lbs., 42.0 lbs., 40.0 lbs., 40.0 lbs., 40.5 lbs. 

Ida Marigold 32615 Eight times : 41.2 lbs., 40.2 lbs., 41.7 lbs., 40.9 lbs., 40.5 lbs., 

40.4 lbs., 40.3 lbs., 40.2 lbs. 



cows AVERAGING OVER 38 LBS. FOR THE NINETY DAYS OF TEST. 

Total Milk. Daily Average. 

Hugo's Countess 68394 3542. 9 lbs 39.37 lbs. 

Ida Marigold 32615.- 3448.3 " 38.31 " 



Total Milk. Daily Average. 

Brown Bessie 74997 3634.0 lbs 40.38 lbs. 

Lily Martin 49954 3520.0 " 39-II " 



cows MAKING 2^^ LBS. OF BUTTER OR OVER IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS IN JUNE. 

Sheba Rex 47429 Twice : 2.52 lbs., 2.70 lbs. 

Exile's Lulu 49984 ...Once: 2.71 lbs. 

Islip Lenox 31703 ^ " 2.74 lbs. 

Alteration 56436 Twice : 2.77 lbs., 2.85 lbs. 

Brown Bessie 74997 -- Four times ■ 2.64 lbs., 2.55 lbs., 2.66 lbs., 2.61 lbs. 

Annice Magnet 60256 Once 2 80 lbs. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 43 

Hugo's Countess 6S394 Five times : 3. 17 lbs., 2.53 lbs., 2.65 lbs., 2. 59 lbs., 2.60 lbs. 

Ida Marigold 32615 Twice : 2.52 lbs., 3.01 lbs. 

Merry Maiden 64949 Nine times: 2.52 lbs., 2.74 lbs., 2.54 lbs., 2.50 lbs., 

2.50 lbs., 2.64 lbs., 2.55 lbs., 2.64 lbs., 2.70 lbs, 
(Sick June 20). 

Romp's Princess 51185 Once: 2.76 lbs. 

Signal Queen 30869 -.- _Twice : 2.55 lbs., 2.58 lbs. 

Baroness Argyle 40498 Four times: 2.79 lbs., 2.52 lbs., 2.54 lbs., 2.68 lbs. 

Highest day's yield in June : Hugo's Countess 68394, 3.17 lbs. 

cows MAKING OVER l}^'^ LBS. OF nUTTER IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS, IN JULY. 

Brown Bessie 74997_ ..Nine times: 2.66 lbs., 3.48 lbs., 2.54 lbs., 2.51 lbs., 

2.63 lbs., 3.15 lbs., 2.68 lbs., 3.02 lbs. 2.66 lbs. 

Hugo's Countess 68394 Once: 2.81 lbs. 

Ida Marigold 32615 " 2.61 lbs. 

Merry Maiden 64949 " 2.61 lbs. 

Baroness Argyle 40498 " 2.73 lbs. 

Highest day's yield in July : Brown Bessie 74997, 3- 48 lbs. 

cows MAKING 2}^ LBS. OF BUTTER OR OVER IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS IN THE 2g DAYS OF AUGUST. 

Islip Lenox 31703 Twice : 2.54 lbs., 2.57 lbs. 

Brown Bessie 74997 Twenty-two times : 2.54 lbs., 2.65 lbs., 2.56 lbs., 2.68 lbs., 2.58 lbs., 

2.53 lbs., 2.51 lbs., 2.64 lbs., 2.50 lbs., 2.91 lbs., 2.68 lbs., 

2.54 lbs., 2.91 lbs., 3.23 lbs. (Aug. 18), 2.97 lbs. (Aug. 19), 
2.87 lbs. (Aug. 20), 2.54 lbs., 2.68 lbs., 3.03 lbs. (Aug. 24), 
2.61 lbs., 2.51 lbs., 2.85 lbs. 

Hugo's Countess 68394 Three times : 2.55 lbs., 2.56 lbs., 2.57 lbs. (Aug. 28). 

Ida Marigold 32615 Six times : 2.56 lbs., 2.68 lbs., 2.50 lbs., 2.53 lbs., 2.61 lbs., 2.52 lbs. 

Merry Maiden 64949 - " 2.58 lbs., 2.60 lbs., 2.66 lbs., 2.59 lbs., 2.56 lbs., 2.70 lbs. 

Baroness Argyle 40498 Once : 2.73 lbs. (was sick in this month). 

Highest day's yield in August : Brown Bessie 74997, 3.23 lbs. 

cows THAT MADE 3 LBS. OF BUTTER OR OVER IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS IN TEST NO. 2. 

Hugo's Countess 68394 Once: 3.17 lbs. (June). 

Brown Bessie 74997 Five times : 3.48 lbs. (July), 3.15 lbs. (July), 3.02 lbs. (July), 3.23 lbs. 

(Aug. 18), 3.03 lbs. (Aug. 24). 
Ida Marigold 32615 Once : 3.01 lbs. (June). 

HIGHEST SEVEN CONSECUTIVE DAYS* YIELD IN BUTTER DURING TEST NO. 2. 

Brown Bessie 74997 20.163 lbs., August 14 to 20, both inclusive. 

Number of days in milk, 121. 

HIGHEST THIRTY CONSECUTIVE DAYs' YIELD DURING TEST NO. 2. 
Brown Bessie 74997 77-319 lbs., July 31 to Aug. 29, both inclusive. 



44 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



DATES OF LAST CALVES OF COWS COMPOSING THE JERSEY AND GUERNSEY HERDS IN TEST NO. 3. 



Jeksets. 


Guernseys. 


No. 


Name and H. R. No. of Cow. 


Date of Last Calf. 


No. 


Name of Cow. 


Date of Last Calf. 


1 It/1q ■HT<i..;fr,^M QORIt; lAnrilStQ 1S93 


1 
2 
*3 
*4 
5 
6 
7 
*8 
9 
*10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
*15 


Amanda 


May 10, 1893. 
April 16, 1893. 


2 
3 
4 


Islip Lenox 31703 .. ... 


May 17, 1893. 


Aldine 




April 21, 1893. 
March 13, 1893. 
April 21, 1893. 
April 1, 1893. 
April 4, 1893. 
February 22, 1893. 
April 15, 1893. 
April 15, 1893. 
April, 1893. 
July 29, 1893. 
August 10. 1893. 
March 7, 1893. 
AprU 17, 1893. 


Careno 




Sayda 3d 17317 


Duchess of Orleans 

Essence 


July 1. 1893. 


5 
6 

7 
g 




May 17, 1893. 
April 6, 1893. 
May 9, 1893. 
July 10, 1893. 


Flora Temple 3d 40086 ... 


Ethics of Cornwall 


Signal Queen 30869 


Lady of Ellerslie 


Sheba Rex 47429 


Marita 


9 


Exile's Lulu 49984 


Materna 


April 5, 1893. 


10 


Merry Maiden 64949 

Cupid's Jersev Maid 35040 


Purity 


August 12, 1893. 
May 13, 1893. 


*11 


Princess Aster 2d 


*12 




Rosette 5th 


March 27, 1893. 


*13 


Katherine of Pittsford 73169 


Select 8th 


March 16, 1893. 


14 


Sweet Ada 


March 20, 1893. 


15 




Vesta's Valencia 













* Substituted cows. 



RECORDS OF LIVE WEIGHT OF COWS IN TEST NO. 3- 30 DAYS' TEST. 



Jerseys. 


Guernseys. 


SHOKT-HonNS. 




Name and Herd Register 
No. of Cow. 





a 
a) o 


a 
'3 
O 




Hi 


a 
'3 

a 

1 


d 

btKS 

OS a; 


3 

0) 


a 
'3 



1 


d 
C 

1 


d 
<o"- 
bsra 

n 


B 
01 


d 
•3 



§ 
1-1 


.9 
'3 


"S 


1 

2 
3 
4 

5 
6 


Ida Marigold 32615. 


lbs. 

1178 

1017 

1019 

957 

962 

1055 

1059 

996 

936 

919 

907 

849 

806 

1031 

746 


lbs. 

1169 

1016 

1026 

990 

1005 

1079 

1094 

1013 

963 

946 

886 

886 

825 

911 

785 


lbs. 

7 

33 
43 
24 
35 
17 
27 
27 

" "37 
19 

■ ■ 39 


lbs. 
9 

1 


lbs. 


lbs. 

960 

971 

*944 

*953 

986 

963 

879 

*881 

1062 

*1136 

952 

922 

1023 

1122 

*1088 


lbs. 
971 
983 
985 
975 
996 
966 
897 
918 
1076 
1150 
974 
961 
1041 
1147 
1082 


lbs. 
11 
12 
41 
22 
10 
3 
18 
37 
14 
14 
22 
39 
18 
25 


lbs. 


lbs. 


lbs. 

*1320 

*1247 

*1201 

1288 

1231 

*1128 

1246 

1410 

1208 

1225 

1241 

1233 

1210 

1275 

1362 


lbs. 
1348 
1278 
1216 
1317 
1220 
1124 
1287 
1434 
1216 
1234 
1286 
1241 
1224 
1297 
1347 


lbs. 
28 
31 
15 
39 

" "41 
24 
8 
9 
45 
8 
14 
32 


lbs. jibs. 


Islip Lenox 31703 






"11 
4 












Sayda 3d 17317 




















Flora Temple 3d 10086 












7 


Signal Queen 30869 












8 


Sheba Rex 47429 






.... 








q 


Exile's Lulu 49984 






10 


Merry Maiden 64949 










11 


*Cupid's Jersey Maid 35040 

*Stoke Pogis' Regina 48309 

*Katherine of Pittsford 73169 

Hugo's Countess 68394 


21 








1" 






1^ 














14 


120 








15 




6 




15 
















Totals 


14437 
962 


14594 
973 


308 


151 


1.57 


14812 
989 


15122 
1008 


286 


6 


280 


18825 
1255 


19069 
1271 


274 30 
I.... 


344 








1 















Cows not in former tests. 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



45 



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46 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

RECORDS OF JERSEY COWS AND GUERNSEY AND SHORT-HORN HERDS IN TEST NO. 3-30 DAYS' 



Jersets. 



Name and Herd Register 
No. of Cow. 



1 Ida Marigold ,32615 

2 Islip Lenox 31703 

3 Brown Bessie 74997 

4 Sayda 3d 17317 

5 Baroness Argyle 40498 

eiFlora Temple 3d 40086 

7iSignal Queen 30869 

8 Sheba Rex 47429 

9 Exile's Lulu 49984 

10 Merry Maiden 64949 

ll]*Cupid's Jersey Maid 3.5040. . . . 
12 *Stoke Pogis' Regina 4a309. . . . 
13l*Katherine of Pittsford 73169. 

14 Hugo's Countess 68394 

15 Romp's Princess 51185 



Totals 13921 .9 

Total values 



lbs. 
985.8 
714.6 
1134.6 
843.6 
925.5 
923.6 
944.5 
1004.2 
988.4 
965. 
1028.7 
1012.2 
1062.3 
684.2 
704.7 



lbs. 

48.60 

39.05 

59.15 

39.18 

46.05 

45.10 

42.20 

47.12 

44. 2G 

54.65 

45.21 

49.39 

44.33 

39.44 

42.08 



ftCq 



03 



rt QJ O 



M 



685.81 837.211 



lbs. 
59.367 
47.699 
72.235 
47.825 
56.215 
55.068 
51.522 
57.511 
54.017 
66.695 
55.163 
60.268 
54.107 
48.172 
51.357 



Guernsey Herd. 



J Totals 13518.4 

1 Total values 



597.96 



r24.170 



lbs. 
88.62 
66.63 
104.46 
76.99 
82.64 
84.17 
86.20 
92.20 
89.83 
90.47 
93.95 
94.30 
99.98 
63.89 
67.11 



1281.44 



$27,338 
21.946 
33.271 
22.009 
25.897 
25.355 
23.738 
26.491 
24.879 
30.721 
25.408 
27.765 
24.923 
22.169 
23.682 



?18.885' 
15.803 
24.6971 
15.303! 
17.630 
17.655 
15.737 
18.571 
17.457 
23.103 
17.924 
19.576 
17.263 
16.960 
17.785 



0.016 
.012 
.019 
.013 
.015 
.015 
.014 
.015 
.014 
.018 
.014 
.016 
.014 
.013 
.014 



$385,592 $274,349 $0,222 $274,127 



$18,869' 4 
15.791 13 
24.678 1 
15.290 15 
17.615 9 
17.640, 8 
15.723 
18.556 
17.443 
23.085 
17.910 
19.560 
17.249 



16.947 12 
17.771 7 



1253.33 



$237,002 



$237,002 



Short-Horn Herd. -I Total^^^i-; 



15618.3 



555.71 



662.660 



1413.68 



$303,685 



1.134 $0,243 



* Cows not in former tests. 

The following table gives the standing and net profit of the 45 cows in Test No. 3, arranged in their 
order of merit : 

RECORDS IN ORDER OF MERIT OF COWS IN TEST NO. 3. 






^ 






Breed. 



Jersey 

Sliort-Hom 

Jersey 

Guernsey. . 

Jersey 

Guernsey. . 

Jersey 

Guernsey. . 

Jersey 

Guernsey. . 

Jersey 

Guernsey. . 
Jersey 



3 

10 

1 

12 
10 
3 
1 
8 
15 
14 
11 
15 
6 
5 
9 
13 
9 
13 
4 
14 



$24,678 
23.085 
20.015 
19.560 
19.377 
18.898 
18.869 
18.556 
18.242 
18.214 
17.910 
17.771 
17.640 
17.615 
17.543 
17.539 
17.443 
17.249 
17.116 
16.947 
15.930 
15.791 
15.723 



24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 



Short-Horn 
Guernsey... 

Jersey 

Short-Horn. 

Guernsey... 
Short-Horn. 
Guernsey... 
Short-Horn, 
Guernsey... 
Short-Hom, 
Guernsey... 
Short-Horn, 

Guernsey... 
Short-Horn, 

Guernsey... 
Short-Horn 



$15,478 
15.293 
15.290 
15.220 
14.599 
14.524 
14 288 
14.020 
13.481 
13. 362 
13.099 
12.784 
12.709 
12.649 
12 .595 
12.585 
12.127 
11.971 
11.565 
11.524 
9.623 
9.520 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



47 



INDIVIDUAL YIELDS OF COWS IN TEST NO. 3—30 DAYS. 

cows MILKING OVER 38 LBS. IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS. 



Brown Bessie 74997 Twenty times : 41 

40 
39 
43 

Katherine of Pittsford 73169 Three times : 38 



1 lbs., 38.7 lbs., 42.2 lbs., 39.3 lbs., 4c 2 lbs., 38.4 lbs., 
3 lbs., 39.1 lbs., 40.6 lbs., 42.7 lbs., 40.2 lbs., 40.5 lbs., 
5 lbs., 39.0 lbs., 38.2 lbs., 40.1 lbs., 39.2 lbs., 38. 6 lbs., 
5 lbs. (Sept. 27), 39.1 lbs. 

2 lbs., 39.9 lbs., 38.4 lbs. 



cows MAKING OVER 2^-^ LBS. OF BUTTER IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS. 

Brown Bessie 74997.- Eleven times : 2.567 lbs., 2.673 lbs., 2.513 lbs., 2.>44 lbs., 3.073 lbs. 

(Sept. 7), 2.636 lbs. (Sept. 8), 2 774 lbs. (Sept. 9), 2.630 
lbs., 2.544 lt)s., 2.652 lbs., 3.002 lbs. (Sept. 27). 

Merry Maiden 64949 Once : 2.675 lbs. 

HIGHEST SEVEN CONSECUTIVE DAYS* YIELD. 

Brown Bessie 74997 Sept. 6 to 12, both inclusive : Milk, 282.6 lbs.; Butter, 18.63 lbs. 

Number of days since last calving, 144. 

TOTAL MILKINGS OF ALL JERSEY COWS IN TESTS NOS. 1, 2 AND 3, AND FIVE DAYS PKELIMINARY 

TO TEST NO. 2. 



Name and Herd Register No. op Cow. 



Fifteen 

Days of 

Clieese 

Test. 



Five Days 

Preliminary 

to Test 

No. 2. 



Ninety 

Days of 

Test No. 2. 



Tli'rty 

Days of 

Test No. 8. 



No. of 
Total Millc.^?J'^ 

Tests. 



Slieba Rex 47429 . . . 

Natasqua 65598 

Exile's Lulu 49984 . 
Albert's Gem 34006. 
Islip Lenox 31703 . . 
Little Goldie 38C71 . 

Alteration 56436.... 



Justa Pogis 64863 

Gay Orphan 25985 

Sayda 8d 17317 

Pearl of Riverside 55659 

Lorita33750 

Flora Temple 3d 40086 

Brown Bessie 74997 

Lily Martin 49954 

Annice Magnet 60256 

Hugo's Countess 68394 

Ida Marisokl 32615 

Daisy Hinmau 61537 

Merry Maiden 64949 

Romp's Princess 51185 

Signal Queen 30869 

Grace Pansy 2d 18764 

Princesa Honoria 62.548 

Baroness Argyle 40498 

Tristeka 28:532 

Pretty Marchioness 62569 — 
Cupid's Jersey Maid 35040 . . 
Stoke Pogis' Regina 48309. . . 
Katherine of Pittsford 73169. 



Totals 



lbs. 

593.4 

429.2 

632.0 

506.3 



563.1 

588.2 

448.2 
422.3 
524.4 
509.3 
444.7 
526.9 
639.1 
573.4 
493.8 
638.4 
673.6 
444.3 
634.6 



581.0 
419.3 
488.2 
6.56.9 
454.3 
433.6 



lbs. 

186.2 

137.3 

200.4 

171.6 

148.6 

194.9 

199.3 

147.7 
133.6 
182.8 
163.7 
146.8 
180.7 
209.7 
206.9 
170.3 
206.5 
221.5 
145.4 
203.0 
169.6 
192.6 
136.8 
156.8 
211.6 



lbs. 
3283.3 
246S.9 
3224.5 
2666.4 
3070.0 
3284.1 
I *583.9 I 
"( 2531.8 r 
2745.3 
2175.9 
3043.1 
2653.7 
2320.3 
3038.2 
3634.0 
3520.3 
2064.0 
8542.9 
3448.3 
2677.8 
3041 .2 
2984.4 
3190.6 
2344.4 
3690.4 
3266.3 



13396.4 



lbs. 
1004.2 



988.4 



843.6 



923 6 
1134.6 



684.3 
985.8 



965.0 
704.7 
944.5 



935.5 



1028.7 
1013.2 
1062.3 



13921.9 



lbs. 
5067.1 
3030.3 
5045 3 
3;M4.3 
39;i3.2 
4042.1 

3903.1 

3341.2 
2781 8 
4,593.9 
3326.7 
2911.8 
4669.4 
5617.4 
4300.5 
2727.1 
5062.0 
5329.2 
3267.4 
4833.8 
3858.7 
4908.7 
2900.5 
3335.4 
5060.2 
454.3 
433.6 
1038.7 
1013.2 
1062.3 



105131.2 



140 

110 
140 
110 
125 
108 

100 

110 
100 
140 
110 
110 
140 
140 
110 
100 
140 
140 
110 
140 
125 
140 
110 
110 
140 
15 
15 
30 
30 
30 



Estimated. 



48 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



TOTAL BUTTER OF ALL JERSEY COWS IN TESTS NOS. 1, 2 AND 3, AND 5 DAYS PRELIMINARY 

TO TEST NO. 2. 



Name and Heed Register No. of Cow. 



Test No. 1. 
(E.st. from 
Analysis). 



Preliminary J^^ 
(Est. from en.- n,",fto.. 
Analysis). 80j„ Butter. 



Test 
No 3, 
)^ Butter. 



Total 
Butter. 



No. of 

Days 

in 

Tests. 



Shfcba Rex 47429 . . . 

Natasqua 65598 

Exile's Lulu 49984 . 
Albert's Gem 34006. 
Islip Lenox 31703.. . 
Little Goldie 38671 . 

AlteratioQ 56436. . . . 



Justa Pogi864863 

Gay Orphan 25985 

Sayda 3d 17317 

Pearl of Riverside 55659 

Lorita 33750 

Flora Temple 3d 40086 

Brown Bessie 74997 

Lily Martin 49954 

Annice Magnet 60256 

Hugo's Countess 68394 

Ida Marigold 32615 

■Daisy Hinman 61537 

Merry Maiden 64949 

Romp's Princess 51185 

Signal Queen 30869 

Grace Pansy 2d 18764 

Princess Honoria 63548 

Baroness Argyle 40498 

Tristeka 28332 

Pretty Marchioness 62569 

Cupid's Jersey Maid 35040 . . 
Stoke Pogis' Regina 48309 . . 
Katherine of Pittsford 73169 



Totals. 



lbs. 

35.01 

28.04 

30.74 

30.27 



31.63 

34.81 

26.51 
,47 
01 
,23 



lbs. 
11.014 

9.063 

9,073 
10.463 

8.413 
10.975 

11.712 

9.025 
9.250 
9.788 
9.562 
8.738 
9.526 
11.899 
9.712 
10.089 
10.774 
11.688 
8.625 
12.525 
10.812 
10 425 
10.899 
9.899 
11.575 



752.56 



253.524 



lbs. 
190.617 
161.522 
168.538 
165.777 
178.066 

^176.394 

j t35.648 I 

I $144,231 ( 

157.697 

+138.973 
170.094 
160.804 
146.619 
176.751 
216.640 
164.287 

+119.284 
191.894 
199.756 
1.55.131 

+200,. 51 7 
188.373 
165.601 
147.009 
159.447 

$194 400 



4274.010 



lbs. 
57.511 



54,017 
'47! 699' 



47.825 



55.058 

72.235 



48.172 
59.367 



66.695 
51.357 
51.522 



56.215 



55.163 
60.268 
54.107 



837.211 



lbs. 
294.152 
198.625 
262 368 
206.510 
234.178 
218.999 

226.401 

193.232 

176 693 

256.717 

200.596 

182.147 

269.535 

335.824 

200.999 

158.423 

283.610 

305.901 

190.706 

318,157 

250.542 

257.588 

183 708 

197.826 

297.680 

25.84 

22.81 

55.163 

60.268 

54.107 



140 
110 

140 
110 
125 
108 

100 

110 

100 

140 

110 

110 

140 

140 

110 

100 

140 

140 

110 

140 

125 

140 

110 

110 

140 

15 

15 

80 

30 

30 



6119 305 



Calved prematurely, t Estimated, t Sick during part of test. 



COMPOSITION OF JERSEY HERD IN TEST NO. 4-HEIFER TEST. 
September SO to October 20, 1893. 



No. 



Name and Herd Register 
No. OF Heifer. 



Breeder 



Owner. 



Date 
Dropped. 



Elturia 80701 

Campania 88475 

Lily GarfleJd 79819 

lolaP. 85529 

Woodstock Mystery 77746. . 
Woodstock Lady 80619 ... 
Jeannette of Pittsford 73185 



Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa 

Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa 

Est. of Fred'k Billings, Woodstock, Vt 

N. N. Palmer, Brodhead. Wis 

Est. of Fred'k Billings, Woodstock, Vt 
Est. of Fred'k Billings, Woodstock, Vt 
Fred'k J. Prentiss, Greenport, N Y 



Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa 

Richardson Bros., Davenport, Iowa 

Est. of Fred'k Billings, Woodstock, Vt. 

E. W. F.iirman. Brodhead, Wis 

Est. of Fred'k Billings, Woodstock, Vt. 
Est. of Fred'k Billings, Woodstock, Vt. 
Aaron O. Auten, Jersey ville. 111 



Nov. 9, 1890 
Sep. 12, 1890 
Sep. 29, 1891 
July 19, 1891 
July 12, 1891 
Aug. 6, 1891 
Oct. 1, 1890 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLDS COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



49 



RECORDS OF LIVE WEIGHT OF HEIFERS IN TEST NO. 4-21 DAYS. 



Jerseys. 


Shokt-Hokns. 




.2 
W 
o 
6 
''A 


Average j 

5 Days | 

Weighed i 

in. 1 


Live Weight. 




Live Weight. 


Name and Herd Register No. of Heifer. 


Average 

5 Days 

Weighed 

out. 





SO 
^1 i 


Average 

5 Days 

V.'eighed 

in. 


Average 

5 Days 

Weighed 

out. 


1 


So 
^1 


Elturia 80701 


1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 


lbs. 
791 
744 
775 
690 
6S3 
687 
666 


lbs. 
830 
764 
794 
711 
660 
691 
686 


lbs. 
39 
20 
19 
21 
27 
4 
20 


$1,755 

.900 
.855 
.945 
1.215 
.180 
.900 


lbs. 
904 
897 

842 
840 
871 
854 


lbs. 
956 
948 
920 
902 
943 
923 


lbs. 

52 

51 

78 

62 

72 

69 


$2,340 
2 295 


Campania 88475 


Lily Garfield 79819 


3.510 
2.790 
3 240 


lola F 85529 


Woodstock Mystery 77746 


Woodstock Lady 80619 


3 105 


Jeannette of Pittsford 73185 














Totals -.- 1 


4986 


5136 


150 


$6,750 


5208 


5592 


384 


$17,280 








712.3 


733.7 


21.4 


$0,964 


868 


932 


64 


$2,880 





RECORDS OP JERSEY HEIFERS AND SHORT-HORN HERD IN TEST NO. 4—21 DAYS. 



Jerseys. 


Total Feed Weighed Out fob 21 Days. 




Name and Herd Register No. 
of Heifer. 




Hay. 


Silage. 


Oil Corn 
Meal. Meal. 


Bran. 


Oats. 


Cotton- 
Seed. 


Hide. 


Corn- 
Hearts. 


Total 
Eaten. 


Elturia 80701 


1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 


lbs. 

235.5 

237.5 

224.5 

202.0 

176.0 

201.0 

195.0 


lbs. 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 


lbs. 
55.0 
55.0 
63.0 
42.0 
38.0 
42.0 
53.5 


lbs. lbs. 
72 117 
93 134 
93 138 
77 lafi 


lbs. 
63 
61 
84 
84 
57 
63 
70 


lbs. 
38.0 
41.5 
50.5 
35.0 
24.5 
42.0 
43.0 


lbs. 
59 
42 
42 
21 
19 
42 
35 


lbs. 
26 
17 
14 
7 


14 


$5,090 
5.286 
5.697 
4.716 
3.782 
4.728 
5.140 


Campania 88475 


Lily Garfield 79819 

lola F. 85529 


Woodstock Mystery 77746 

Yoodstock Lady 80619 


61 

&4 
93 


114 
126 
138 


jeani.ette of Pittsford 73185 


Totals 

Total values 


1471.5 

$7,358 


42 

$0,032 


348.5 
$3,833 


573 

$6,303 


893 
$5,584 


482 
$5,543 


274.5 
$3,569 


260 
$1,690 


78 
$0,527 


$34,439 




lbs. 

922 

$4,610 


lbs. 
1.593 
$1,195 


lbs. 
118.5 
$1,304 


lbs. 

7(10 


lbs. 
176 

$2,024 


lbs. 

332 

$4,316 


lbs. 

250 

$1,625 


lbs. 
596 

$4,022 




Shoet-Hokn Heed ] ^^^^j - j- - ; ; ; ; 




$4,432 


$23,628 



50 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITIOIM. 



RECORDS OF JERSEY HEIFERS AND SHORTHORN HERD IN TEST NO. 4—21 DATS. 



Jersets. 


Milk. 




80 Per 


Solids 
Not 
Fat. 


Value op Products. 


Value of 
Products 
LessCost 
of Feed, 
Without 

Live 
Weight. 


Net 
Gain 


Name and Herd Register No. of Heifer. 


o'S 


Fat. Cent. 
Butter. 

i 


Butter. 


Solids 

Not Total. 
Fat. . 


with 

Live 

Weight 


Elturia 80701 


1 

3 
4 
5 
6 

7 


lbs. 

483.4 

556.7 

562.7 

465.3 

388.6 

398.1 

501.8 

3356.6 


lbs. 

19.31 

22.50 

28.99 

20.20 

20.98 

18.42 

24.98 

155.38 


lbs. 
24.137 
28.127 
37.488 
25.251 
2(5.223 
23.027 
29.973 

194.226 
S77.690 


lbs. 
44.95 

51.87 
53.31 
43.42 
36.36 
37.15 
46.83 

313.88 

$6,277 


$9,655 
11.2.51 
14.995 
10.100 
10.489 
9.211 
11.989 


$0,899 
1.036 
1.067 
.867 
.731 
.741 
.936 


$10,554 
12.287 
16.062 
10.967 
11.220 
9.952 
13.925 


$5,464 
7.001 

10.365 
6.251 
7.438 
5.224 
7.785 


$7,319 
7 901 




Lily Garfield 79819 


11.330 


lola F. 85529 

Woodstock Mystery 77746 

Woodstock Lady 80619 


7.196 
8.6.53 
5.404 


Jeannette of Pittsford 73185 


8 685 






Totals 












$77,690 


$6,277 


$83,967 


$49,538 


$56,278 








Averages per head . 


•) 


479.5 


23.19 


27.746 


44.84 
$0,952 












$11,098 


$0,953 


$11,995 


$7,075 


$8,039 










„ XT XT (Totals 


2581.0 


97.89 


123.363 
$48,950 


235.82 
$4,719 

39.30 
$0,786 












Short-Hork Heed ] ^^^^j ^^^^^ ;;;;;; 


$48,950 

'$8,158 


$4,719 


$53,669 


$30,141 


$47,431 




430.1 




Averages per head . 


•{ 


16.31 


20.393 






$0,786 


j'8.944 


$5,023 


$7,903 














GRAND SWEEPSTAKES AWARDS OF TESTS NOS. i, 3 AND 3. 



These awards were based on the greatest aggregate net profit shown by the cows and breeds in the 
first fifteen days of Tests Nos. i, 2 and 3, confined to such cows as went through all three tests. If 
anything were wanting in the results of the tests to show most conclusively the great superiority of the 
Jerseys, collectively as a breed, or in the individuals composing the herd, the " Grand Sweepstakes 
Awards" place it beyond any possibility of doubt. 

It will be remembered that Test No. i was for cheese and by-products, Test No. 2 for butter and by- 
products and Test No. 3 for butter alone. In Test No. i not only cheese, and in Tests Nos. 2 and 3 not 
only butter, was taken into consideration, but in Tests Nos. i and 2 the milk (through the solids other than 
butter fat) and increase in live weight formed a part of the basis for awards and decisions, so that every 
quality of the dairy cow (and to some minds a step beyond, in giving credit for increase in live weight") 
was considered. Again, the staying qualities were put to the test of proof, and the Jerseys were not 
found lacking, but, on the contrary, stood out pre-eminently the leaders in this essential. 

The appended tables will show that ten Jerseys went through all three tests, to nine Short-Horns and 
seven Guernseys, demonstrating the ability of the Jersey breed to stand the strain that the environment 
of the tests imposed on them better than the other breeds. It will also be noticed that out of the first 
possible ten places the Jerseys had seven, in the following order, ist, 2d, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th and loth, to 
three Guernseys and no Short-Horns ; that the three remaining Jerseys stood 12th, 13th and 17th ; that 
the highest Jersey made in the 45 days a net profit of $5.66 in excess of the best Guernsey (equal to an 
excess net profit of over J2c. a day), and $6.40 in excess of the best Short-Horn (equal to an excess net 
profit of 14c. per day) ; that the lowest Jersey made a net profit of $4.16 more than the lowest Guernsey, 
and $7.90 more than the lowest Short-Horn. Important as these figures are, the relative profits of the 
breeds are of far greater import, and demonstrate in the plainest and most conclusive manner that the 
Jersey J^reed is vastly the superior, as the average " aggregate net profit" per cow in the first fifteen days 
of each test is as follows: Jerseys, $25.69; Guernsevs, $21.52 ; Short-Horns, $18.20. Analyzing the 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



51 



$ 



figures that go to make up the totals on which the awards were based, we find that the Jerseys lead 
in the first fifteen days of each test by equally as strong a lead, as the following table shows : 

AVERAGE NET PROFIT PER COW BY HERDS FOR FIRST 1 5 DAYS OF TESTS NOS. I, 2 AND 3. 



Jerseys .... 
Guernseys.- 
Short-Horns 



Test No, i. 



$5.73 
4.14 
4.04 



Test No. 2. 



$10.35 
9.44 
7.62 



Test No. 3. 



^9.61 
7-94 
6.54 



$25.69 
21.52 
18.20 



SWEEPSTAKES FOR FIRST 1 5 DAYS OF TESTS NOS. I, 2 AND 3. 

Arranged in Order of Merit, According to the Aggregate Net Profit of all Cows that went through all Three Tests. 



Ordeb 

OP 

Merit. 



Name of Cow. 



Breed. 



Net Profit. 



Test No. 1. Test No. 2. Test No. 3. 



Total 

Net 

Profit. 



1st. 

2d. 

3d. 

4th. 

5th. 

6th. 

7th. 

8th. 

9th. 
10th. 
nth. 
12th. 
13th. 
14th. 
15th. 
16th. 
17th. 
18th. 
19th. 
20th. 

2l8t. 

22d. 
23d. 
24th. 
25th. 
26th. 



Merry Maiden 64949 

Brown Bessie 74997 

Ida Marigold 32615 

Baroness Argyle 40498. . 
Huj'o's Countess 68394, 

Sheba Rex 47429 

Sweet Ada , 

Materna 

Select 8th 

Flora Temple 3d 40086., 

Nora 

Exile's Lulu 49984 

Signal Queen 30869 

Amanda ... 

Genevieve 

Ethica of Cornwall 

Sayda3d 17317 

Betsey 7th 

Bashful 2d, imp 

Waterloo Daisy 

Lady of EUerslie 

Kitty Clay 7th 

Aldine / 

Belle Price 

Rosa 

Lucy Ann 



Jersey 

Jersey 

Jersey 

Jersey 

Jersey 

Jersey ... . 
Guernsey . . 
Guernsey . . 
Guernsey . . 

Jersey 

Short-Horn 

Jersey 

Jersey 

Guernsey . . 
Short-Horn 
Guernsey . . 

Jersey 

Short-Horn 
Short Horn 
Short-Horn 
Guernsey . . 
Short-Horn 
Guernsey . . 
Short-Horn 
Short-Horn 
Short-Horn 



$12,129 
11.245 
10.419 
11.103 
10.877 
11.162 
9.742 
10.211 
10.637 
10.072 
9.968 
8.447 
9.184 
10.608 
9.003 
9.073 
8.909 
8.735 
8.368 
8.220 
8.255 
5.804 
7.565 
6.685 
6.316 
5.481 



$11,476 
12.761 
10.063 
9.250 
9.083 
9.3.54 
9.493 
8.986 
8.583 
9.082 
7.525 
8.998 
7,947 
6.557 
7.142 
7.857 
8.074 
6.363 
7.975 
7.722 
6.882 
6.391 
7.180 
5.825 
4.811 
5.107 



$30,165 
29.466 
27.462 
26.473 
25.920 
25.756 
24.505 
24.017 
24.010 
23.824 
23.763 
23.545 
23.471 
22.225 
21.425 
21.270 
20.823 
20.728 
20.413 
19.062 
17.937 
16.715 
16.665 
15.300 
13.527 
12.918 



As was to be expected from the nbove figures, the Jerseys captured every '^^ sweepstakes award,' 
leaving nothing for the other breeds, as will be seen from the following awards : 



SWEEPSTAKES AWARDS. 

{a) For the best individual cow in each breed competing : 

Net Profit. 
Jersey — Merry Maiden 64949 $30. 165 

Guernsey — Sweet Ada 24.505 

Short-Horn — Nora 23.763 

'b) For the best individual cow in any breed competing : 
Jersey Merry Maiden 64949. 



52 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION, 

{c) For the best five cows in cacA breed competing : 



Net 
Profit. 

Merry Maiden 64949 $30,165 

Brown Bessie 74997 29.466 

Ida Marigold 32615 27.452 

Baroness Argyle 40498 26 .473 

Hugo's Countess 68394 25 . 920 



Totals $139.47 



GUERNSEYS. 



Net 
Profit. 

Sweet Ada ; $21,505 

Matema 24.017 

Select 8th 24 010 

Amanda 23.225 

Ethics of Cornwall 21 .270 

$116,027 



SHOBT-HOP.NS. 



Nora 

Genevieve 

Betsey 7th 

Bashful 2d, imp. 
Waterloo Daisy 



Net 
Profit. 
. $23,763 
. 21.425 
. 20.728 
. 20.413 
. 19.062 

$105,392 



((/) For tlie best five cows in any breed competing : 

Jersey --- - Merry Maiden 64949. 

" - Brown Bessie 74997. 

" - Ida Marigold 32615. 

" -- Baroness Argyle 40498. 

" -- Hugo's Countess 68394. 

((') For the 6es/ breed competing — Jerseys. 



RECAPITULATION. 
In the cheese test the following are the quantities and values of cheese of the breeds : 



Jerseys 

Guernseys . . 
Short-Horns 




$193.98 
135.22 
140.14 



The milk of each cow, as also the mixed milk, was analyzed each day, and though no butter was 
made in the cheese test and the "five days preliminary" between Tests Nos. i and 2, it is an easy 
matter to estimate the butter in these two periods, on the basis of 80 per cent, oil in the butter. Esti- 
mating the butter in this way, the following tables give all the products on a basis of the three tests of 
the mature cows : 

JERSEYS. 



VALUE OF 
BUTTER. 



Test No. I, Cheese 

5 Days Preliminary 

Test No. 2, 90 Days, Butter 
Test No. 3, 30 Days, Butter 

Totals 



lbs. 
13296.4 

4424.1 
73488.8 
13921-9 



105131.2 



lbs. 

752.560 

253-524 

4274.010 

837-211 



6117.305 



$307,646 
103.640 

1747.215 
385-592 



$2544.093 



COST OF 
FEED. 



.14 



587.498 
1 1 1.243 



THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

GUERNSEYb. 



5b 



VALUE OF 
BUTTEK. 



COST OF 
FEED. 



Test No. I, Cheese 

5 Days Preliminary 

Test No. 2, go Days, Butter 
Test No. 3, 30 Days, Butter 

Totals 



lbs. 
10938.6 

3814-2 
61781.7 
13518.4 



90052.9 



lbs. 

610.530 

209.911 

3360.431 

724.170 



4905.042 



[ $330.881 j 

1355-261 
329.768 



$2015.910 



j.250 



484.141 
92.766 



SHORT-HORNS. 



VALUE OF 
BUTTER. 



COST OF 

FEED. 



Test No. I, Cheese 

5 Days Preliminary 

Test No. 2, 90 Days, Butter 
Test No. 3, 30 Days, Butter 

Totals 



lbs. 
12186.9 

4028.3 
66263.2 
15618.3 



98096. 7 



lbs. 

545.750 

180.061 

2890.869 

662.660 



4279.340 



I $294,171] 

1171.669 

303.685 



$1769.525 



$99,360 

501.789 
104.551 



As the cost of feed in the five days preliminary has not been estimated, I am unable to give the 
total footings. 

The price of butter for the cheese test and five days preliminary is credited at the average rate per 
pound credited to the breeds in the 90 days' test. 

The price of butter was fixed by the scoring, that having the highest scoring having the highest value, 
and, consequently, that having the highest value possessed the best quality. The following are the values 
per pound of butter : 





JERSEYS. 


GUERNSEYS. 


SHORT-HORNS. 


Test No. 2, 90 days 


Cents. 
40.88 
46.05 


Cents. 
40-33 
45-53 


Cents. 

40.53 
45.66 


Test No. 3, 30 days 




The cost of butter per pound in feed was : 




JERSEYS. 


GUERNSEYS. 


SHORT-HORNS. 


Test No. 2 


Cents. 

13-75 
13.28 


Cents. 
14.41 
12.81 


Cents. 
17.36 
15-77 


Test No. 3 





The value of the cheese made was : Jerseys, 13.36c. per pound ; Guernseys, 11.96c.; Short-Horns, 



13.01C. 



54 THE JERSEY HERD AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 

The quantity of milk required to pound of cheese or butter was : 





JERSEYS. 


GUERNSEYS. 


SHORT-HORNS. 


Test No. I, Cheese 


lbs. 

9.16 

17.20 

16.58 


lbs. 

9.67 
18.40 
18.66 


lbs. 
II. 31 
22.90 
23.56 


Test No. 2, Butter 

Test No. 3, Butter 





Taking each separate test and taking all of them in the aggregate, the results conclusively show that 
the Jerseys — 

1. Gave more milk. 

2. Made more cheese. 

3. Made more butter. 

4. Gave more solids other than butter fat. 

5. Required less milk to make a pound of cheese. 

6. Required less milk to make a pound of butter. 

7. Produced a pound of butter at less cost. 

8. Made cheese of a higher quality. 
g. Made butter of a higher quality. 

10. Demonstrated their ability to profitably assimilate a greater quantity of feed and return a net 
increased profit. 

The tests prove these to be facts, and in proving them give the stamp of publicity and authenticity 
to the Jersey cow as the greatest dairy cow in all essentials that the world has ever produced. 



Respectfully submitted, 

VALANCEY E. 



World's Fair Grounds, Chicago, II' 



FULLER, 

Superintendent. 



INDEX. 



Awards, Sweepstakes 50, 51 

Awards, Test No. i 7 

Awards, Test No. 2.-- -- 13 

Awards, Test No. 3 20 

Awards, Test No. 4 - 22 

Barns 24 

Bulls Contributed to the Tests 3 

Butter in Test No. 2 - 12 

Butter in Test No. 3. 18 

Butter in Test No. 4 21 

Butter Yield 30 

Change of Cows for Test No. 2 . . 5 

Changes in Feed 9 

Character of the Herds .- 30 

Columbian Exposition Part — 23 

Composition of Jersey Herd in Test No. i 32 

Composition of Jersey Herd in Test No. 2 38 

Composition of Jersey Herd in Test No. 4 48 

Cost of Butter in Test No. 3 18 

Cows Contributed to the Tests i 

Cows Selected for Test No. i.. 3 

Cows Selected for Test No. 2 3 

Cows Selected for Test No. 3 3 

Cows which Calved at Fair Barns 4 

Dairy - 25 

Dates of Last Calves of Cows in Test No. 3 44 

Fat in Milk, Test No. 4 .-- 21 

Feed 30 

Feed and Milking in Test No. i 8 

Five Days Preliminary to Test No. 2 8 

Heifers Contributed to the Tests 2 

Heifers Selected for Test No. 4 4 

High Character and Impartiality of Tests 23 

Individual Yields of Jerseys in Five Days Pre- 
liminary to Test No. 2 37 

Individual Yields of Jerseys in Test No. i 36 

Individual Yields of Jerseys in Test No. 2 42 

Individual Yields of Jerseys in Test No. 3 47 

Laboratory and Offices 25 

Milk Fever 4 

Milk in Test No. 2 12 

Milk in Test No. 4 21 

Milk to Pound of Butter, Test No. 2 13 

Milk to Pound of Butter, Test No. 3 19 

Milk to Pound of Cheese, Test No. i 8 

Net Profit of all Cows in Sweepstakes, arranged 

in Order of Merit 51 

Net Profit of all Cows in Test No. 2 41 

Net Profit of all Cows in Test No. 3 19 



PAGB 

Net Profit Per Day, Test No. 2 13 

Net Profit Per Day, Test No. 3 19 

Net Profits in Test No. i 7 

Price of Butter 29 

Production at World's Fair and at Home 28 

Qualification of Cows for Tests 25 

Recapitulation 52 

Records of all Cows in Test No. i, in Order of 

Merit 35 

Records of all Cows in Test No. 2, in Order of 

Merit ..- 41 

Records of all Cows in Test No. 3, in Order of 

Merit .- 46 

Records of Jersey Cows and all Three Compet- 
ing Herds in Test No. i 33, 34 

Records of Jersey Cows and all Three Compet- 
ing Herds in Test No. 2 39, 40 

Records of Jersey Cows and all Three Compet- 
ing Herds in Test No. 3 --45, 46 

Records of Jerseys and both Competing Herds 

in Test No. 4. 49, 50 

Records of Live Weight, Test No. 3 44 

Records of Live Weight, Test No. 4. _ . 49 

Relative Standing of all Cows in Test No. a.. 14 

Rules Governing Tests 5 

Scores of Cheese in Test No. i 7 

Sick Cows, Test No. 2 14 

Silage _- - 23 

Solids not Fat in Test No. 2 - 12 

Sweepstakes, Tests Nos. i, 2 and 3 50, 51 

System of Weighing and Sampling Milk, 

Weighing and Feeding Feed 10 

Testing Cows for Selection for Test No. i 5 

Test No. I — Cheese 6 

Test No. 2 — Ninety Days 9 

Test No. 3 — Thirty Days.. . 17 

Test No. 4 — Heifer Test 20 

Total Butter of Jerseys in Tests Nos. i, 2 and 

3 and " Five Days Preliminary" 48 

Total Milkingsof Jerseys in Tests Nos. i, 2 and 

3 and " Five Days Preliminary " 47 

Values, Test No. 2 12 

Values, Test No. 4 21 

Visitors 24 

Weighing of Cows 6 

Yield of Milk- -.. - 30 

Yield Produced -- 27 

Yields of Jersey Cows for Five days Prelimi- 
nary to Test No. 2 37 



/ 



\ 






002"i^^"Mmiu 




